Objective: To evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the sedation practice adopted for paediatric patients undergoing magnetic resonance imaging examination in a local hospital in Hong Kong. Materials and Methods: 120 consecutive children with a mean age of 3.2 years (range, 13 days to 13 years) undergoing magnetic resonance imaging and requiring sedation were audited. The types and route...

INTRODUCTION The use of diagnostic auditory brainstem response testing under sedation is currently the "gold standard" in infants and young children who are not developmentally capable of completing the test. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to compare a propofol-ketamine regimen to an oral chloral hydrate regimen for sedating children undergoing auditory brainstem response testing. METHOD...

Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, also known as drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS), is a rare, acute and severe life-threatening systemic disease. DRESS syndrome is characterized by fever, lymphadenopathy, rash, hypereosinophilia and involvement of systemic organs. The most commonly implicated drugs are anticonvulsants, sulfonamides and allopurinol. ...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to compare the safety, efficacy and recovery time of intranasal midazolam spray administered using an atomizer to orally administered chloral hydrate and promethazine for the sedation of pediatric dental patients. METHODS A randomized double-blind crossover study design was utilized in which 31 patients (mean age 41.8 months, range 26-58 months) underwent...

BACKGROUND Exhaled pentane, which is produced as a consequence of reactive oxygen species-mediated lipid peroxidation, is a marker of oxidative stress. Propofol is widely used as a hypnotic agent in intensive care units and the operating room. Moreover, this agent has been reported to inhibit lipid peroxidation by directly scavenging reactive oxygen species. In this study, using a porcine liver...

Chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine are a drug combination frequently used by practitioners to sedate pediatric dental patients, but their effectiveness has not been compared to a negative control group in humans. The aim of this crossover, double-blinded study was to evaluate the effect of these drugs compared to a placebo, administered to young children for dental treatment. Thirty-five dental se...

This study compares the efficacy of two drug regimens used for oral sedation in pediatric dental patients: chloral hydrate (50 mg/kg)/promethazine (1 mg/kg) and meperidine (1 mg/kg)/promethazine (1 mg/kg). Twenty-four pediatric dental patients, ASA Class I, were evaluated in this double-blind, randomized study. The patients ranged in age from 18 to 48 months. Each dental procedure under sedatio...

BACKGROUND Magnetoencephalography (MEG), a noninvasive technique for evaluation of epileptic patients, records magnetic fields during neuronal electrical activity within the brain. Anaesthesia experience for MEG has not yet been reported. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed records of 48 paediatric patients undergoing MEG under anaesthesia. Thirty-one patients (nonprotocol group) were managed...

This study aims to investigate the possible effects of repeated high dosage of chloral hydrate and pentobarbital sodium anesthesia on hepatocellular system in rats. Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (group A), chloral hydrate group (group B) and pentobarbital sodium group (group C). Antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidas...