Beliefs about factors that affect school performance (means-ends or causality beliefs) and about self-efficacy and control (agency and control beliefs) were assessed in 313 East Berlin children (grades 2-6) before unification and 516 West Berlin children shortly after unification. Multiple-group analyses of mean and covariance structures yielded 2 major differences: (a) East Berlin children sho...

The identification of specific characteristics that are associated with superstition may help to avoid the many risks (e.g. health anxiety, irrational behavior, emotional maladjustment) involved with extreme superstitious belief. This study examines two possible correlates of superstition: religiosity and locus of control. ANOVA suggest that levels of religiosity do not have a significant relat...

Low back pain remains a major health problem with huge societal cost. Biomedical models fail to explain the disability seen in response to reported back pain and therefore patients' beliefs, cognitions and related behaviours have become a focus for both research and practice. This study used the Pain Beliefs Questionnaire and had two aims: To examine the extent to which pain beliefs are related...

this study sets out to investigate the effectiveness of the integrated cognitive-psychodrama training on modifying irrational relationship beliefs among married women. statistical population included all of married women living in allameh tabatabaei university dormitories in 2011. 30 samples were randomly selected among the married women with high relationship beliefs grades and distributed ran...

OBJECTIVES Little information is available regarding the extent of strategy use and factors that affect strategy use in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). This study aimed to compare spontaneous strategy use and beliefs about the controllability of memory between aMCI and healthy older adult (HOA) samples and to explore the relationships between beliefs, strategy use, and memory perform...

Individuals’ beliefs regarding their own and others’ present bias are pivotal to understanding interactions between multiple present-biased individuals. While several studies document individuals’ näıveté about their own present bias, beliefs regarding others remain unexplored. This paper investigates beliefs about one’s own and others’ present bias within a unified experimental setting, both i...

Recent developments in the study of perceived control suggest that control-related beliefs may predict problem-solving behavior in psychotherapy if two conditions are met. First, distinction must be made among beliefs about outcome contingency, personal competence, and control (denned as the capacity to cause intended outcomes). Second, beliefs must be assessed for the specific behavioral domai...