Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) with a dead-ended anode and cathode can obtain high hydrogen and oxygen utilization by a comparatively simple system. Nevertheless, the accumulation of the water in the anode and cathode channels might cause a local fuel starvation degrading the performance and durability of PEMFCs. In this study, a brand new design for a polymer electrolyte membrane...

Hygienic and grooming behaviors of native and exotic honeybee races reared in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia were investigated. Both races exhibited different rates of hygienic behavior. After 24 h the removal of dead brood in native race was significantly higher than that of exotic one being 85.28 and 43.84%, respectively. However, after 48 h the native race significantly removed 97.60% of brood, while ...

This study investigated the effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on dental pulp stromal cells (DPCs). Cultures of DPCs expressed GDNF as well as its receptors, GFR1 and RET. Addition of recombinant GDNF to cultures in serumcontaining medium did not significantly affect DPC growth; however, GNDF dosedependently increased viable cell number under serum-free culture condi...

Destruction of immune cells in peripheral lymphoid tissues plays presumably a pivotal role in acquired immune deficiency syndrome pathogenesis. We found that cell suspensions obtained from lymph nodes of eight human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals contained variable proportions (2.1% to 18.3%, median 11.2%) of dead lymphocytes permeable to supravital dyes, represented by CD4+,...

UNLABELLED The removal of apoptotic cell corpses is important for maintaining homeostasis. Previously, defects in apoptotic cell clearance have been linked to neurodegeneration. However, the mechanisms underlying this are still poorly understood. In this study, we report that the absence of the phagocytic receptor Draper in glia leads to a pronounced accumulation of apoptotic neurons in the bra...

By NICHOLAS L. PET1t KIS, ESTELLE LIEBERMAN AND JEAN FULLERTON D ISINTEGRATING leukocytes are commonly seen imi blood smears and are variously designated as smudge cells, basket cells, or dead cells. Increased miunibers of these cell forms are found in leukemia and in septic states. The smudge forms are considered by some to represent the earliest stage of cell death amid to be present in the b...

Clearing of dead cells is a fundamental process to limit tissue damage following brain injury. Engulfment has classically been believed to be performed by professional phagocytes, but recent data show that non-professional phagocytes are highly involved in the removal of cell corpses in various situations. The role of astrocytes in cell clearance following trauma has however not been studied in...