Low-pressure sputtering and ionized vapor deposition processes create atomic fluxes with kinetic energies in the 1.0–20 eV (and above) range. The impact energy of these hyperthermal atoms significantly effects the surface morphology and structure of vapor deposited films. Recent molecular dynamics simulations of metal atom interactions with a metal surface have established the energy and angula...

To ensure the stable transmission of the genome during vertebrate cell division, the mitotic spindle must attach to a single locus on each chromosome, termed the centromere. The fundamental requirement for faithful centromere inheritance is the controlled deposition of the centromere-specifying histone, CENP-A. However, the regulatory mechanisms that ensure the precise control of CENP-A deposit...

A theoretical model was developed to calculate the deposition of inhaled fibrous particles in the human lung. In the derivation of deposition formulae, the simultaneous effects of the velocity shear in the air flow and Brownian rotation on particle orientation were considered. Total deposition of fibers in the lung at mouth breathing was found to be smaller than that of spherical ones with the ...