one of the most important problems in geodesy is the unification of height datum. generally in geodesy; there are two types of height systems, the geometrical height based on ellipsoid and the physical height based on gravity-defined surface (zhang et al, 2009).local height datum is determined according to mean sea level (msl). in regarding to mismatch of mean sea level and geoid, on the one ha...

We present a new mean dynamic ocean topography product based on the improved geoid model, derived in Optimal Geoid for Modelling Ocean Circulation (OGMOC) project supported by European Space Agency. This model is Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) Field Steady-State Explorer (GOCE) satellite missions combined with newer DTU15GRA altimetric surface gravity it was optimized to elimin...

This paper focuses on making a comparing of GNSS/Levelling data and obtained from global geopotential models. For comparison, geoid undulations by method models have been used. As models, SGG-UGM-2, XGM2019e_2159, GO_CONS_GCF_2_TIM_R6e, ITSG-Grace2018s, EIGEN-GRGS.RL04.MEAN-FIELD, GOCO06s, GO_CONS_GCF_2_TIM_R6, GO_CONS_GCF_2_DIR_R6 GGMs are The sets used in the improvements altimetry, satellite...

In 2018 we celebrated 25 years of development radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in fields global coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have these developments, e.g., Venice, Italy, 15th (2006) 20th (2012) more recently, 2018, Ponta Delgada, Portugal, Years Progress Radar Altimetry. On latter occasion it was decided...

Closely spaced satellite altimeter profiles collected during the Geosat Geodetic Mission (-6 km) and the ERS 1 Geodetic Phase (8 km) are easily converted to grids of vertical gravity gradient and gravity anomaly. The long-wavelength radial orbit error is suppressed below the noise level of the altimeter by taking the along-track derivative of each profile. Ascending and descending slope profile...

Marine gravity field recovery relies heavily on satellite altimetry. Thanks to the evolution of altimetry missions and improvements in altimeter data processing methods, marine model has been prominently enhanced accuracy resolution. However, high-accuracy high-resolution from remains particularly challenging. We provide an overview advances for recovery, focusing impact factors available model...

based on 11 years of topex/poseidon satellite altimetry and coastal tide gauge sea level observations, four tidal constituents, namely o1, k1, m2 and s2, are modeled for the persian gulf and oman sea using a time-wise approach according to the following details. by selecting the cycle 100 as the reference, 772 points on 12 paths along the track of the altimetry satellite footprints over the per...

Three Begur Cape experiences on radar altimeter calibration and marine geoid mapping made on 1999, 2000 and 2002 are overviewed. The marine geoid has been used to relate the coastal tide gauge data from l’Estartit harbour to off-shore altimetric data. The necessity to validate and calibrate the satellite’s altimeter due to increasing needs in accuracy and long term integrity implies establishin...