-An inventory model for deteriorating items and shortages with finite production rate and stochastic demand rate is developed when the supplier offers delay period to the retailer for due payment against purchases and the retailer in turn extends the trade credit offer to its customers. This policy of passing on of the credit period is well known as two-level of credit financing. Items in the s...

Large, complex and costly engineering structures are mainly made to last for a long period. This is specifically known for civil engineering buildings but also for heavy machinery, trains, ships or aircraft. Any of these items are used intensively. Long endurance combined with intensive usage leads to deterioration. Of course an engineering structure is designed to withstand deterioration for a...

Imperfect quality items are unavoidable in an inventory system due to imperfect production process, natural disasters, damages, or many other reasons. The setup cost and production cycle time can be related in terms of process deterioration and learning and forgetting effects. Learning reduces production run length and setup cost, whereas deterioration and forgetting increases both. Keeping the...

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Certain inventory items are living organisms, for example livestock, and are therefore capable of growing during the replenishment cycle. These items often serve as various saleable food items downstream in supply chains. The purpose of this paper is to develop a lot sizing model for growing items if the supplier of the items offers incremental quantity discounts. A mathematical model is derive...

This study develops an EPQ model for deteriorating items assuming time and stock dependent demand and time varying holding cost under the effect of inflation in fuzzy environment. Shortages are allowed and partially backlogged. In finding the optimal production quantity, deterioration plays a crucial role in inventory management. Therefore handling of deterioration is in highlight and attracted...

It was suggested in 2004 by some researchers that it might be possible to improve production systems performance by applying the first and second laws of thermodynamics to reduce system entropy. Then these laws were used to modify the economic order quantity (EOQ) model to derive an equivalent entropic order quantity (EnOQ). Moreover the political instability or uncertainty of a country (as wel...

In this paper, an EOQ inventory model is depleted not only by time varying demand but also by Weibull distribution deterioration, in which the inventory is permitted to start with shortages and end without shortages. A theory is developed to obtain the optimal solution of the problem; it is then illustrated with the aid of several numerical examples. Moreover, we also assume that the holding co...