introduction: despite wide use of hyoscine by midwives and doctors as an adjunct to labor, the obstetrics literature contains few references to the effect of this drug. this study was a double blinded, randomized controlled trial of primigravidas in iran to determine the effects of hyoscine intravenous injection on parturition (labor). methods:one hundred primigravidas in uncomplicated spontane...

results in group 1, the mean largest and cumulative stone diameters, respectively, were 18.7 ± 5.7 mm and 45.0 ± 12.0 mm. in group 2, the mean volume was 6,288.4 ± 2,733.0 mm3. the overall sf was 96.4% (100% for group 1 and 75% for group 2). the mean number of sessions of eswl and urs, respectively, was 1.4 ± 0.7 and 0.8 ± 0.9 in group 1 and 4.0 ± 2.0 and 1.5 ± 1.3 in group 2. the mean times to...

Dilation occurs when upper and lower probability estimates of some event E are properly included in the upper and lower probability estimates of the probability of E conditional on another event F , resulting in a change from a more precise estimate of E to a less precise estimate of E upon learning F . Strict dilation occurs when E is dilated by every event in a partition, which means that som...

a common belief is that alkali ingestion causes severe esophageal damage and limited gastric injury due to the buffering action of acid. gastric injury has been observed in patients who ingested alkali. gastric outlet obstruction (goo) secondary to caustic ingestion occurs due to fibrosis after resolution of the acute injury and inflammation, most commonly 6 to 12 weeks after initial ingestion....

Given a planar graph G, the graph theoretic dilation of G is defined as the maximum ratio of the shortest-path distance and the Euclidean distance between any two vertices of G. Given a planar point set S, the graph theoretic dilation of S is the minimum graph theoretic dilation that any triangulation of S can achieve. We study the graph theoretic dilation of the regular n-gon. In particular, w...

Both dilation and non-conglomerability have been alleged to conflict with a fundamental principle of Bayesian methodology that we call Good’s Principle: one should always delay making a terminal decision between alternative courses of action if given the opportunity to first learn, at zero cost, the outcome of an experiment relevant to the decision. In particular, both dilation and non-conglome...

In hypertension, pressure-induced myogenic constriction and impaired endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated dilation may contribute to increased vasomotor tone. Myogenic constriction as well as EDHF-mediated dilation may share common signaling mechanisms, and both may control KCa channel activity to set arterial tone. To investigate a potential relation between the 2 mechani...

The measurement of flow-mediated dilation using high-resolution ultrasound has been utilized extensively in interventional trials evaluating the salutary effect of drugs and lifestyle modifications (i.e. diet or exercise training) on endothelial function; however, until recently researchers have not used flow-mediated dilation to examine the role of a single bout of exercise on vascular functio...