Due to unforeseen problems, disruptions occur at railway passenger operators. Proper real-time crew management is needed to prevent disruptions to spread over space and time. Netherlands railways (NS) has algorithmic support from a solver to obtain good crew rescheduling solutions during big disruptions. However, small disruptions are still manually solved by human dispatchers who have limited ...

supply chain network design decisions are among the strategic decisions of supply chain management which play significant role on the efficient performance of the supply chain. however, there are two challenging factors which may have great impact on the supply chain performance. these factors are on the one hand disruptions and their attendant damages and on the other hand uncertain nature of ...

BACKGROUND Corticolimbic circuits, including direct projections from prefrontal cortex to nucleus accumbens (NAc), permit top-down control of intense motivations generated by subcortical circuits. In rats, localized disruptions of glutamate signaling within medial shell of NAc generate desire or dread, anatomically organized along a rostrocaudal gradient analogous to a limbic keyboard. At rostr...

A hot research topic in genomics is to analyze the interactions between genes by systematic gene disruptions and gene overexpressions. Based on a boolean network model without time delay, we have been investigating efficient strategies for identifying a genetic network by multiple gene disruptions and overexpressions. This paper first shows the relationship between our boolean network model wit...

Arrow (1962) argued that since a monopoly restricts output relative to a competitive industry, it would be less willing to pay a fixed cost to adopt a new technology. Arrow’s idea has been challenged and critiques have shown that under different assumptions, increases in competition lead to less innovation. We develop a new theory of why a monopolistic industry innovates less than a competitive...

this paper addresses a reliable facility location problem with considering facility capacity constraints. in reliable facility location problem some facilities may become unavailable from time to time. if a facility fails, its clients should refer to other facilities by paying the cost of retransfer to these facilities. hence, the fail of facilities leads to disruptions in facility location dec...

Supply-chain disruptions can have a material effect on company value, but this impact varies considerably and countermeasures can be costly. Thus, it is important for managers and investors to recognize the types of disruptions and the organizational factors that lead to the worst outcomes. Prior research remains unsettled as to whether improvements to firm operational efficiency aggravate or a...

This paper studied pricing, service level, and production quantity decision problems in a supply chain with one manufacturer and one retailer under demand and production cost disruptions. The joint impact of demand and production cost disruptions on optimal pricing, service level, and production decisions in centralized and decentralized supply chain was analyzed, respectively. By solving the o...