When one preparing a first draft, concentrating on content creation or summarizing lecture notes, pencil and paper are often favored over the keyboard. Although in some cases (e.g. when copying text into a document or trying to organize written text) keyboard has a significant advantage over handwriting, in others it can cause difficulties, e.g. when writing lecture notes when equations, graphs...

Writing and speaking are the productive skills of a language and share similar components. However, there has been little attempt to investigate the impact of writing practice on the speaking proficiency of the learners. The present study using a pretest-posttest controlled group design in a quasi-experimental approach investigated the effect of guided writing practice on the speaking proficien...

Writing a thesis involves complying with certain requirements and rules established by institutional guides. So, students have guidelines to follow when developing their first draft. Generally this draft presents deficiencies, which has to be polished with the help of the academic advisor to reach an acceptable document. However, this task is repeated every time a student prepares his thesis, b...

We thank hospital staff at all four centres for their help with data collection, and Dr David Owens and an anonymous referee for their comments on earlier drafts of this paper. Contributors: NK helped with the study design, collected and analysed all data, and contributed to writing the initial draft of the paper. AH helped to design the study and contributed to writing the initial draft of the...

Abstract Feedback is important to improve writing quality; however, provide timely and personalized feedback a time-intensive task. Currently, most literature focuses on providing (human or machine) support product characteristics, especially after draft submitted. However, this does not assist students who struggle during the process. Therefore, in study, we investigate use of keystroke analys...

In the present study fungi collections were sampled in the Sangay (SP) and Llanganates (LP) National Parks, from which sequences of the regions of the internal transcribable spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA were obtained (RDNA). The taxonomic identification of fungi of the order Xylariales was achieved with the bioinformatic tools, to further study the phylogenetic relationships amo...

In the present study fungi collections were sampled in the Sangay (SP) and Llanganates (LP) National Parks, from which sequences of the regions of the internal transcribable spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA were obtained (RDNA). The taxonomic identification of fungi of the order Xylariales was achieved with the bioinformatic tools, to further study the phylogenetic relationships amo...

Angina bullosa hemorrhagica (ABH) is a benign disorder of the oral cavity. Clinically, oral, blood-filled blisters are seen. To give a proper diagnosis, one should rule out any other cause. We aim to present this case in order to emphasize this rare cause of oral bullae which is necessary to be differentiated from many serious dermatological and hematological disorders. Salih Levent Cinar ( ) C...

Seasonal flu vaccine is recommended as the best protection for cancer patients against influenza infection. Recent and experimental data in silico suggest that antibodies elicited with influenza vaccine could activate bradykinin receptor B2-associated signaling pathway, which is also involved in cell proliferation and migration of tumor cells. These results point to an urgent need for the ree...

Ecuador has a great variety of climatic regions that potentiate biodiversity. The family constitutes one of the most important of the country, having Orchidaceae identified about 4032 species with a high degree of endemism, therefore the development and research of alternative methods of storage and conservation of species is a strategy of primary interest for researchers and for society in gen...