the present article aims at analyzing and evaluation of citizens ' satisfaction of the performance of urban management is a municipality and city in the council on the basis of the findings of a field study in kashan is prepared of organizations citizens satisfaction in three dimensions of urban management, i.e. economic, physical dimension – social and cultural environment – the analy...

CHIEMI HAYASHI, World Economic Forum The World Economic Forum has developed three scenarios for the future of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries to 2025.1 From the underlying models of economic, social, and political development used to create the scenarios, it is possible to derive forces that will shape the economic environment of the GCC and assess their implications for the compet...

abstract in recent years, the old urban fabrics identification has become a challenging issue in urban planning society in iran. the insufficiency of triple indices which had been introduced by the high council on urban planning and architecture has been criticized by experts several times. in this paper we reconsider the existing urban fabrics identification method and introduce a suitable mod...

This exchange represents a follow-up to an article on the effects of state high school exit examinations that previously appeared in this journal (Warren, Grodsky, & Kalogrides 2009). That 2009 was article featured prominently in a report by the National Research Council (NRC) that evaluated the efficacy of test-based accountability systems. Hanushek (2012) was highly critical of the NRC’s inte...

I rogress When 25 high-level representatives from industry and government , as well as environmental, labor, and civil rights organizations, first sat down together in Washington in the fall of 1993, the event might have been compared to the lion sitting down with the lamb. Often adversaries over the years, these diverse and critical sectors of American society had been assigned the joint chall...

*We would like to thank Bengt Holmstrom, Jozsef Sakovics, and Jonathan Thomas for helpful conversations. We acknowledge financial support from the U.S. National Science Foundation through the National Bureau of Economic Research; the Leverhulme Trust; and the U.K. Economic and Social Research Council. This paper was written while the first author was on sabbatical at the London School of Econom...