During isometric contractions, no true work is performed, so the force-time integral (FTI) is often used to approximate isometric work. However, the relationship between FTI and metabolic cost is not as linear. We tested the hypothesis that this nonlinearity was due to the cost of attaining a given force being greater than that of maintaining it. The ATP consumed per contraction in the human me...

This paper presents the movement dynamic of the train and the relationship between the speed of wheel and train, as well as a discussion about the concept of wheel slip. There are two different operation regions designated as creep and wheelspin areas for wheel slip. Creep and wheelspin areas have stable and unstable characteristics, respectively. Wheels and rails are constructed from iron, and...

The analysis of the electrical activity (trains of spikes, volleys) of single neurons is proposed in form of a pattern function. From the pattern function and its variance it is possible to obtain full statistical description of volleys including the density distribution of spikes in the volley. An algorithm for finding the pattern function and the estimate of variance from a set of experimenta...

Degradation and failure of aircraft wiring insulation is of particular interest which could lead to smoke and fire due to arcing. With two recent major air accidents and hundreds of major incidents over the past twenty years, health monitoring and sustainment of wiring, particularly for aging aircraft is a major concern. The results of a technique based on TDR, using trains of successive pulses...

Guanidine applied to Nitella may lower the threshold of E.M.F. required to produce electrical stimulation and may give rise to trains of action currents. Its effect thus appears to be somewhat similar to that observed in animals. Rapid action currents are produced as well as "square topped" action curves and transitional forms. These effects may be due in part to increased protoplasmic conducti...

A discussion is given on the use of electrical double layer measurements as a tool for the study of polymer conformations in the adsorbed state. The emphasis is on polymers at solid particles. Combination of data from electrophoresis and direct surface charge measurements leads to information on the polymer segment distribution between trains and loops. The silver iodide-polyvinylalcohol system...

All rats were 100-159g body wt. and had been provided with food ad libitum. Experiments conducted with living rats were performed with single doses of ('4Cltyrosine and IMe-'4Clmethionine, and a time course of precursor specific activity was constructed by killing rats at intervals. Exercised rats ran on a treadmill at 0.8m.p.h., 5% grade. [Results are from Bates er al. (1980).1 Synthesis rates...