Elemental diet is as effective as corticosteroids in the treatment of previously untreated Crohn's disease. It is unclear whether a poor nutritional state is a prerequisite for efficacy of elemental diet, whether previously treated patients respond as well, or how duration of remission using elemental diet compares with corticosteroid induced remission. Forty two patients with active Crohn's di...

BACKGROUND Treatment resistant chronic pouchitis causes significant morbidity. Elemental diet is effective treatment for Crohn's disease. Since pouchitis shares some similarities to Crohn's disease we hypothesised that elemental diet may be an effective treatment. METHOD Seven pouchitis patients (with ulcerative colitis) were studied. All had active pouchitis with a pouch disease activity ind...

Elemental sulfur exists as a variety of forms in natural systems, from dissolved forms (noted as S8 (aq.)) to bulk elemental sulfur most stable as α-S8 (bulk) (but existing in at least 180 different allotropes and polymorphs). Elemental sulfur can form via a number of biotic and abiotic processes, many of which begin with S-S bonding of practically unlimited length, forming chains and rings of ...

BACKGROUND Elemental and semi-elemental formulas are used to feed infants with short bowel syndrome, who may not be able to tolerate feeds of more than 310 mOsm kg(-1). The present study aimed to measure the osmolality of elemental and semi-elemental formulas at different concentrations, with and without the addition of nonprotein energy supplements. METHODS The osmolality of one elemental an...

We describe a patient with elemental mercury aspiration and retention in the appendix after elemental mercury ingestion. Conservative management was proved to be successful for the removal of the mercury from the appendix while we do not suggest bronchoalveolar lavage in cases of small amount elemental mercury aspiration.

The addition of elemental sulfur to the fermentation of Streptomyces sioyaensis in a soybean meal medium resulted in a three- to fourfold increase of siomycin. Further experiments on the effect of elemental sulfur during fermentation suggest that one of the key steps stimulating siomycin synthesis is the utilization of thiosulfate, which accumulates in the medium as the result of the oxidation ...

Many cognitive tasks are serial in that they require several steps that have to be carried out in a sequence. Here, I outline a new theory of how these processing steps are implemented in vision by networks of neurons that span several areas of the cerebral cortex. The theory explains how individual neurons can contribute to the elementary processing steps, and also how several processing steps...

A significant number of large optimization problems exhibit structure known as partial separability, for example, least squares problems, where elemental functions are gathered into groups that are then squared. The sparsity of the Jacobian of a partially separable function can be exploited by computing the smaller Jacobians of the elemental functions and then assembling them into the full Jaco...

Polysulfides formed through the breakdown of elemental sulfur or other sulfur compounds were found to be reduced to H(2)S by the hyperthermophilic archaebacterium Pyrococcus furiosus during growth. Metabolism of polysulfides by the organism was dissimilatory, as no incorporation of S-labeled elemental sulfur was detected. However, [S]cysteine and [S]methionine were incorporated into cellular pr...