BACKGROUND The frequent and distressing adverse events (AEs) of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are of major concern in 63-84% of adult patients undergoing thyroidectomy. We conducted this prospective study to compare two prophylactic strategies; sevoflurane combined with ramosetron and propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia in a homogenous group of non-smoking women undergoing to...

BACKGROUND Many anti-epileptics cause resistance to non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents, but this has not been reported for valproic acid (VPA). We hypothesized that VPA would increase the rocuronium requirement and that magnesium sulphate (MgSO(4)) may reduce this increase. METHODS Fifty-five patients undergoing cerebrovascular surgeries were studied. Subjects were allocated into ...

BACKGROUND This prospective questionnaire-based study examined the post-operative symptoms encountered by children who had day case surgery at a dedicated day case surgery unit. The study evaluated the postoperative symptoms at home. The parents also evaluated the instructions given in the hospital for care at home. METHODS All children aged 1 day - 14 years operated over a one year period we...

The act of emesis is controlled by the vomiting centre in the medulla, which integrates afferent input from the vestibular system, the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), the cortex and the gut. Nausea and vomiting induced by several cancer chemotherapy agents is often the most distressing side effect of treatment. The mechanism of action of antiemetic is related to blockage of various type of re...

Among factors that can induce nausea and vomiting are liver metastatic deposits. The nausea and vomiting produced by hepatic secondaries can respond to "conventional" anti-emetics but on occasions can be resistant to such treatment and necessitate the use of dexamethasone which can be highly effective but takes 24-48 hours to have the desired effect. Obviously this time delay is unpleasant for ...

ceived a tingling?sensation in those parts. He also experienced n burning pain in the mouth, throat, and stomach, 'l'lie other members of the family were similarly affected, and suspecting that they were poisoned, he snatched the chupatties from the hands of his children, but the event proved that they had already, eaten a suflicient quantity to cause death. After some time ho became insensible...

Nutritional and botanical approaches that may benefit small animals diagnosed with renal disease are considered with regard to their effects on renal physiology and ability to ameliorate specific pathologies. Suggestions are made for water- and fat-soluble vitamins, mushrooms, quercetin, and Western and Chinese herbs, based on their activities as free-radical scavengers, immune modulators, anti...

The present study was conducted on 120dogs at the Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex (TVCC), C.V.Sc. and A.H., OUAT, Bhubaneswar showing the symptoms of haemorrhagic gastro enteritis were made against CPV infection to reveal the haematological, serum biochemical alterations and efficacy of different therapeutic regimens. Significant variations were found in both hematological and sero-biochem...

Cereulide production has until now been restricted to the species Bacillus cereus. Here we report on two psychrotolerant Bacillus weihenstephanensis strains, MC67 and MC118, that produce cereulide. The strains are atypical with regard to pheno- and genotypic characteristics normally used for identification of emetic B. cereus strains. MC67 and MC118 produced cereulide at temperatures of as low ...