In the mid sixties, Feldman (1966) reported on experiments on feedback control processes that stabilize the human arm. In a typical test, the elbow flexors (or extensors) would be loaded and the subject was asked to maintain a predetermined elbow angle. After a sudden decrease of the load, the forearm would settle at a new position. The experiments were repeated for the same initial elbow posit...

MODELING OF EQUILIBRIUM POINT TRAJECTORY CONTROL IN HUMAN ARM MOVEMENTS by Kai Chen The underlying concept of the Equilibrium Point Hypothesis (EPH) is that the CNS provides a virtual trajectory of joint motion, representing spacing and timing, with actual movement dynamics being produced by interactions of limb inertia, muscle viscosity and speed/position feedback from muscle spindles. To coun...

The notion of studying internal control variables instead of externally observable parameters is certainly attractive. It is what motivates neurophysiologists to stick their electrodes into various parts of the nervous system. The problem is knowing a control variable when you see one. Recorded neural activity reflects a mixture of outputs representing some kind of control to various lower cent...

We prove a strong convergence result for a sequence generated by Halpern's type iteration for approximating a common fixed point of a countable family of quasi-Lipschitzian mappings in a real Hilbert space. Consequently, we apply our results to the problem of finding a common fixed point of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings, an equilibrium problem, and a variational inequality problem for co...

In the present paper, we introduce and study a fuzzy vector equilibrium problem and prove some existence results with and without convexity assumptions by using some particular forms of results of textit{Kim} and textit{Lee} [W.K. Kim and K.H. Lee, Generalized fuzzy games and fuzzy equilibria, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 122 (2001), 293-301] and textit{Tarafdar} [E. Tarafdar, Fixed point theorems i...

we consider the bifurcation of periodic solutions from an equilibrium point of the given equation: x =f(x,?) , where x ? r , ? is a vector of real parameters ? , ? , ... , ? and f:r x r ->r has at least second continuous derivations in variables

The problem ofgeneralized equilibrium problem is very general in the different subjects .Optimization problems, variational inequalities, Nash equilibrium problem and minimax problems are as special cases of generalized equilibrium problem. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the problem of approximating a common element of the set of generalized equilibrium problem, variational inequal...

In this paper, we study the iterations of quasi $phi$-nonexpansive mappings and its applications in Banach spaces. At the first, we prove strong convergence of the sequence generated by the hybrid proximal point method to a common fixed point of a family of quasi $phi$-nonexpansive mappings.  Then, we give  applications of our main results in equilibrium problems.

Equilibrium problems have many uses in optimization theory and convex analysis and which is why different methods are presented for solving equilibrium problems in different spaces, such as Hilbert spaces and Banach spaces. The purpose of this paper is to provide a method for obtaining a solution to the equilibrium problem in Banach spaces. In fact, we consider a hybrid proximal point algorithm...