Forage is all food ingredients derived from plants, in the form of leaves, sometimes including stems, twigs, and flowers. Included are grasses, legumes other plants. All can be fed for ruminants two forms, i.e. fresh dry forage. Forages contain almost substances animals need. The urgency forage becomes a crucial point increasing livestock productivity. success business depends on its feed manag...

Much of modern agriculture is based on immense populations of genetically identical or near-identical varieties, called cultivars. However, advancement of knowledge, and thus experimental utility, is found through biodiversity, whether naturally-found or induced by the experimenter. Globally we are confronted by ever-growing food and energy challenges. Here we demonstrate how such biodiversity ...

while legumes are regarded as good sources of protein they may be poorly digested, so it is useful to determine their digestibility which would give a desirable objective in a breeding programme. in this respect two series of experiments were performed as follow: true digestibility of the nitrogen (tnd) of cooked white haricot beans (phaseolus vulgaris) was measured by feeding it to rats at 20,...

Legumes have an important role in European agriculture. They assimilate N2 to sustainably support maximum crop growth, turn providing high-protein food for human consumption and livestock feed. However, the extent of area legume cultivation Europe has declined due lower economic competitiveness legumes relation other crops, particularly cereals oilseed. To increase yields, there is a need genet...

The availability of soil phosphorus (P), an essential element, is one of the most important requirements for plant growth and crop production. The morphological and physiological adaptations evolved by plants to cope with P starvation have been well characterized. Several P deficiency plant responses are regulated at the transcriptional level. Microarray analysis has generated valuable informat...

Abstract Grasses and legumes are the two most significant plant species utilized as animal feed. Each of them has a special set advantages that make it suitable for distinct use. Thus, objectives this research work were to (i) evaluate effects planting density on growth development grasses, (ii) examine nutritional status grasses ruminant production. Five subjected 10 cm, 20 cm 30 in RCBD with ...

Legumes play an important role as food and forage crops in international agriculture especially in developing countries. Legumes have a unique biological process called nitrogen fixation (NF) by which they convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. Although legume genomes have undergone polyploidization, duplication and divergence, NF-related genes, because of their essential functional role for ...

Legumes are an important plant functional group since they can form a tripartite symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing Rhizobium bacteria and phosphorus-acquiring arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However, not much is known about AMF community composition in legumes and their root nodules. In this study, we analyzed the AMF community composition in the roots of three nonlegumes and in the roots and ...

This paper reviews the current use of self-regenerating pasture legumes in the farming systems of southern Europe. Annual legumes are mainly the base for the improvement of low quality native pastures in extensive farming systems. Traditional pasture legumes such as subterranean clovers and annual medics are the base plants of Mediterranean pastures, and are essential for pasture improvement of...

Successful pasture-based milk production systems pivot on balancing dairy cows’ feed requirements with seasonal and annual fluctuations in pasture production. In order to maximise cow production from grazing dairy systems, it is necessary to reach an efficient utilization of grazed grass for feeding cows and the development of appropriate grazing management systems designed to maximize daily pa...