This paper evaluates three critical plane criteria, namely the Findley, Matake and modified Wöhler curve method compares them to IIW’s implementation of Gough–Pollard criteria. Assessment is conducted on a large set fatigue data thin-walled tube–tube laser beam welded specimens made magnesium aluminum alloys that were tested under proportional/non-proportional constant/variable amplitude loadin...

A study has been made of the influence a superimposed mean shear stress on capability some multiaxial high cycle fatigue criteria to predicting behavior 42CrMo4 and 34Cr4 alloy steels. Five selected critical plane-based criteria, namely Matake (M), Susmel & Lazzarin (S&L), Findley (F), Carpinteri Spagnoli (C&S) Liu Mahadevan (L&M), were applied number published experimental resistance limit tes...

The snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus) is a habitat specialist with a broad geographic range associated with boreal and subalpine forests in North America (Hall 1981, Hodges 1999a,b). It reaches southern range limits in the Southern Rocky Mountains in northern New Mexico, USA. Here, scant and mostly anecdotal evidence suggests that it is restricted to high-elevation, subalpine conifer forests dom...

Evolutionary biology is in need of a yardstick or metric with which to measure morphological evolution in creatures as diverse as frogs and mammals. Two types of metric have been suggested to measure morphological distance, one based on quantal traits and the other on quantitative traits. Quantal traits are those whose state varies and is scored as 0 or 1 (presence or absence of a tongue). Quan...

The econometric methods of signal extraction that are based on linear filters have attained a high level of sophistication. They have now coalesced into two distinct categories. In the first category are the methods that are favoured by the central statistical agencies of many of the OECD counties. These were developed in the North American agencies, notably in Statistics Canada (Dagum 1980) an...