In previous studies, we have shown the relaxatory effect of grape leaf (Vitis vinifera) extract on isolated ileum, uterus and aorta. In rat aorta it was revealed that the NO and endothelium are involved in the relaxation induced by grape leaf extract. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of the Vitis vinifera leaf hydroalcoholic extract (VLHE) on rat trachea precontracted by A...

Prevention and control of grape diseases is the key measure to ensure yield. In order improve precision leaf disease detection, in this study, Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks (SE), Efficient Channel Attention (ECA), Convolutional Block Module (CBAM) attention mechanisms were introduced into Faster Region-based Neural (R-CNN), YOLOx, single shot multibox detector (SSD), enhance important feature...

Anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, and flavonols are the three major classes of flavonoid compounds found in grape berry tissues. Several viticultural practices increase flavonoid content in the fruit, but the underlying genetic mechanisms responsible for these changes have not been completely deciphered. The impact of post-veraison sunlight exposure on anthocyanin and flavonol accumulation in grape b...

Defoliation is a commonly used viticultural technique to balance the ratio between grapevine vegetation and fruit. Defoliation is conducted around the fruit zone to reduce the leaf photosynthetic area, and to increase sunlight exposure of grape bunches. Apical leaf removal is not commonly practiced, and therefore its influence on canopy structure and resultant wine aroma is not well-studied. Th...

frost in early spring is one of the limiting factors in the production of grape. chemicals offer useful approach to reduce low temperature-induced damages. different concentrations of salicylic acid including: 0 (control), 0.5, 1 and 2 mm were sprayed twice on 10 year-old ‘bidaneh sefid’ grape vines at full bloom stage and changes in leaf soluble carbohydrates, proline and protein levels were m...

Epidemiological studies of Pierce’s disease (PD) can be confounded by a lack of genetic information on the bacterial causative agent, Xylella fastidiosa (Xf). PD in grape is caused by genetically distinct strains of Xf subsp. fastidiosa (Xff), but is not caused by numerous other strains or subspecies of Xf that typically colonize plants other than grape. Detection assays such as ELISA and qPCR ...

Our previous results have shown that oxidative stress may reduce the regeneration potential of protoplasts, but only protoplasts that are able to supply extracellularly H(2)O(2) can actually divide (C.I. Siminis, A.K. Kanellis, K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis [1993] Physiol Plant 87: 263-270; C.I. Siminis, A.K. Kanellis, K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis [1994] Plant Physiol 1105: 1375-1383; A. de Marco, K.A...