In our previous study, we designed and synthesized a novel series of N-hydroxycinnamamide-based HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs), among which the representative compound 14a exhibited promising HDACs inhibition and antitumor activity. In this current study, we report the development of a more potent class of N-hydroxycinnamamide-based HDACIs, using 14a as lead, among which, compound 11r gave IC50 value...

Histone deacetylases are a class of enzymes that play an important role in protein modification and cellular function. Ongoing research suggests that HDAC inhibitors may be efficacious in the treatment of a wide range of diseases from cancer to autoimmune disease. HDACi therapy has shown promising results both in vitro and in vivo for the treatment of autoimmune disease. To date, 18 isoforms of...

CONTEXT Achilles tendon rupture is often the result of a long-term degenerative process, frequently occurring asymptomatically. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic Achilles tendinopathy in an active, asymptomatic, young-adult population and to compare these findings across gender. DESIGN Convenience sample, cohort study. SETTING Research laboratory PARTICIPANTS A sampl...

BACKGROUND The Abductor hallucis muscle (AbdH) plays an integral role during gait and is often affected in pathological foot conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the within and between-session intra-tester reliability using diagnostic ultrasound of the dorso-plantar thickness, medio-lateral width and cross-sectional area, of the AbdH in asymptomatic adults. METHODS The AbdH muscl...

Bacteria that inhabit the epithelium of the animals' digestive tract provide the essential biochemical pathways for fermenting otherwise indigestible dietary fibers, leading to the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Of the major SCFAs, butyrate has received particular attention due to its numerous positive effects on the health of the intestinal tract and peripheral tissues. The mec...