The smallest histone deacetylase (HDAC) and the only class IV HDAC member, HDAC11, is reported to regulate immune activation and tumorigenesis, yet its physiological function is largely unknown. Here we identify HDAC11 as an efficient lysine defatty-acylase that is >10,000-fold more efficient than its deacetylase activity. Through proteomics studies, we identified SHMT2 as a defatty-acylation s...

We have cloned and characterized a human cDNA that belongs to the histone deacetylase family, which we designate as HDAC11. The predicted HDAC11 amino acid sequence reveals an open reading frame of 347 residues with a corresponding molecular mass of 39 kDa. Sequence analyses of the putative HDAC11 protein indicate that it contains conserved residues in the catalytic core regions shared by both ...

Abnormal differentiation of muscle is closely associated with aging (sarcopenia) and diseases such as cancer and type II diabetes. Thus, understanding the mechanisms that regulate muscle differentiation will be useful in the treatment and prevention of these conditions. Protein lysine acetylation and methylation are major post-translational modification mechanisms that regulate key cellular pro...

Male gender and the male hormone testosterone increase susceptibility to kidney ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury, which is associated with inflammatory responses. Possible involvement of histone deacetylase (HDAC) in inflammatory responses has been suggested. We investigated the gender-specific role of HDACs in plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) expression and I/R injury. PAI-1...

Histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) is a sole member of the class IV HDAC subfamily with negligible intrinsic deacetylation activity. Here we report in vitro profiling of HDAC11 deacylase activities, and our data unequivocally show that the enzyme efficiently removes acyl moieties spanning 8–18 carbons from the side chain nitrogen of the lysine residue of a peptidic substrate. Additionally, Nlinked...

In Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), the malignant cells are surrounded by a large number of reactive infiltrating inflammatory cells, including OX40-expressing T cells and interleukin 10 (IL-10)–producing regulatory T (T-reg) cells. These T-reg cells can suppress the immune response and thus contribute to the maintenance of immune tolerance and to insufficient antitumor response. The engagement of OX40L ...

In Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), the malignant cells are surrounded by a large number of reactive infiltrating inflammatory cells, including OX40-expressing T cells and interleukin 10 (IL-10)-producing regulatory T (T-reg) cells. These T-reg cells can suppress the immune response and thus contribute to the maintenance of immune tolerance and to insufficient antitumor response. The engagement of OX40L ...

Background: Histone deacetylation plays an essential role in transcriptional regulation of cell cycle progression and other evolutionary processes. Several results confirm the importance of the latest found HDAC11 gene to deacetylate histone core in neurons and their supportive cells in developing the vertebrate Central Nervous System (CNS).  Objectives: This study investigates the HDAC11 pote...

The number of long-term survivors of high-risk neuroblastoma remains discouraging, with 10-year survival as low as 20%, despite decades of considerable international efforts to improve outcome. Major obstacles remain and include managing resistance to induction therapy, which causes tumor progression and early death in high-risk patients, and managing chemotherapy-resistant relapses, which can ...

The regulatory B cells (Breg) are important in the body immunity. The differentiation process of Breg is not fully understood yet. Ubiquitin A20 has immune regulatory functions. This study aims to investigate the role of A20 in the regulation of interleukin (IL)-10 in B cells. In this study, B cells were isolated from the peripheral blood samples of healthy subjects and patients with food aller...