the existing works considering the flow-based discount factor in the hub and spoke problems, assume that increasing the amount of flow passing through each edge of network continuously decreases the unit flow transportation cost. although a higher volume of flow allows for using wider links and consequently cheaper transportation, but the unit of flow enjoys more discounts, quite like replacing...

Hub ports play an important role in reducing the number of container routes and saving operating costs liner companies. However, hub failures caused by uncertainties such as natural disasters may cause huge recovery costs. Considering accidental failure probability reallocation feeder ports, a global reliable shipping location problem (RLSHLP) is studied. We use k-means algorithm to divide netw...

Hub location-allocation problems are currently a subject of keen interest in the research community. However, when this issue is considered in practice, significant difficulties such as traffic, commodity transportation and telecommunication tend to be overlooked. In this paper, a novel robust mathematical model for a p-hub covering problem, which tackles the intrinsic uncertainty of some param...

Cooperative and gradual covering are two new methods for developing covering location models. In this paper, a cooperative maximal covering location–allocation model is developed (CMCLAP). In addition, both cooperative and gradual covering concepts are applied to the maximal covering location simultaneously (CGMCLP). Then, we develop an integrated form of a cooperative gradual maximal covering ...

This paper presents a bi-objective capacitated hub arc location problem with single assignment for designing a metro network with an elastic demand. In the literature, it is widely supposed that the network created with the hub nodes is complete. In this paper, this assumption is relaxed. Moreover, in most hub location problems, the demand is assumed to be static and independent of the location...

Transportation costs are a significant part of capital and operating costs of large open pit mines. Cost efficiency and high reliability of in pit crushing and conveying systems compared to conventional truck-shovel system makes it more appealing to be utilized in modern mining activities. In this paper the suitable location of an in pit crusher is investigated as a single hub location problem....

centralizing and using proper transportation facilities cut down costs and traffic. hub facilities concentrate on flows to cause economic advantage of scale and multimodal transportation helps use the advantage of another transporter. a distinctive feature of this paper is proposing a new mathematical formulation for a three-stage p-hub location routing problem with simultaneous pick-ups and de...