abstract: after the collapse of the soviet :union:, and the geopolitical changes in the region, which caused emergence of four new states, the outlook to the caspian sea and it's issues have changed. dealing with numerouse oil contracts with multinational companies and the entrance of transnational states and organizations, aggrevated the political and economic competitions and increased t...

The Caspian frisian roach (Rutilus frisii kutum), economically a very important fish species in Iran, is propagated in fishponds, reared into the rivers in fingerling size and then harvested from the Caspian Sea in adult stage. We found six monogenean parasites on the Caspian frisian roach including five Dactylogyrus spp. on fingerlings cultured in fishponds and rivers and two Dactylogyrus spp....

this study evaluates changes in species composition, catch, and cpue of three species of kilkas in the caspian sea from 1961 to 2009. the effects of fluctuations in sea level rise and fall on the catch of kilka as well as the impacts of a recent invasion by mnemiopsis leidyi (ctenophora) were assessed in terms of species composition and cpue of kilkas in the iranian coastal region of the caspia...

Nowadays, a noticeable part of the relations among the states turn around the environment protection. Therefore, the right for ever-creasing use of the existing resources of this inland sea cannot be exclusive to any Caspian State and the aftermath involves all countries of this basin. In this respect, agreement on political border and boundaries with the Caspian Sea?s ecosystem is a difficul...

1.1 Caspian Sea The complex history of the Caspian Sea formation has lead to a variety of different habitats. Like Australia, the Caspian Sea became isolated thousands of years ago (Plate 1). This isolation led to the speciation of many rare animals in particular the sturgeon. The Caspian Sea is the biggest enclosed body of water on Earth, having an even larger area than that of the American Gr...

nowadays, a noticeable part of the relations among the states turn around the environment protection. therefore, the right for ever-creasing use of the existing resources of this inland sea cannot be exclusive to any caspian state and the aftermath involves all countries of this basin. in this respect, agreement on political border and boundaries with the caspian sea?s ecosystem is a difficult ...

the southern shores of caspian sea is subjected to several atmospheric factors due to its geographical position. north atlantic oscillation(nao) one of the effective phenomenon's affects the most part of hemisphere included caspian sea. in this research negative and positive phases of nao considered with variability of temperature and precipitation of southern shores of caspian sea in a 30...

Gill chloride cells and prolactin hormone are of high importance in the adaptation of euryhaline fish. Guldenstati (Chalcalburnus chalcoides, 1772), an adromous fish, migrates from the Caspian Sea to rivers to have a more successful reproduction. The present study was aimed to evaluate the changes in the number and size of C. chalcoides gill chloride cells as well as to determine the relationsh...