1. OPEN INNOVATION Open innovation was defined by Henry Ches-broug, a professor at Harvard Business School, in 2003. He believes that in an open innovation model, companies should use internal and external strength to develop new products and to commercialize them (Chesbrough, 2005). Figure 1 shows the open innovation model. In the closed innovation model, the steps from new products developmen...

This paper examines the implications for research into the diffusion of innovations (DOI) arising from a growing body of literature in two related fields. The first area concerns the debate on the role of regional and national systems of innovation (NSI) in the innovation process. The second area deals with the argument that enterprises must move from a “closed innovation” to an “open innovatio...

the purpose of this study was designing predictive model for innovation management in processing and complementary industries of livestock products. the method of research was correlative descriptive. the population of this research was managers in processing and complementary industries of livestock products of khouzestan province (n=486). by stratified random sampling, a random sample (n=125)...

the current paper aims to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial marketing on innovation considering the moderating effect of two-factor learning orientation and organizational structure. then, the relationship between innovation and the marketing performance was assessed. in this research, sales and marketing managers of 42 sample companies were selected from three industries including: ind...

innovation strategy is the basis of success in innovation and performance improvement. this paper represents a model related to the most important innovation strategies which have a significant impact on performance of industries. then, it examines the relationships between innovation strategies and diversity and development of the performance. so, the empirical research was carried out in iran...

the purpose of this study was to determine the number of prescribed antibiotics being appropriately adjusted and to assess antibiotics with the highest incorrect dosing based on the patient’s renal function according to distinguished guidelines. the study was conducted at a 446-bed university hospital. one hundred and fifty patients admitted through different wards of the hospital were included...

purpose of this paper is development for pattern of a measuring and analysing of innovation in research institutes in vehicle industry. this scale include 3 area: individual innovation, organizational innovation & nature and strength of innovation in current situation. samples selected in 2 research institute npd & ipco in iran khodro, by accident. according to factor loading, identified latent...

This paper investigates empirically the strategic alignment between innovation and production strategies in a sample of service firms in Spain. It employs the integrated archetypes approach to analyse a dataset of unique, manually collected, firm responses. The results highlight differences in behaviour patterns underpinning both kinds of strategic decisions and, coherent with alignment theory,...

conclusions the research revealed that nonsmokers showed better mental health and dyadic adjustment than smokers, thus suggesting that smoking endangers and can impair the tranquility of families and that smoking also threatens the dyadic adjustment of couples. background the mental health and dyadic adjustment of smokers is a matter of serious concern which brings many demerits on mental healt...