This paper describes how these tools (concept map and V diagram) help in improving the standard of learning in the science laboratory. Most of the countries of the third world like Pakistan rely heavily on the parrot fashion learning of facts in science at school level, hence students cannot understand the concepts and unable to solve the everyday life problems. In the light of the work reporte...

The move of constraint-based 3-D modeling into the mainstream of engineering design and manufacturing has been coupled with an increase of publishing activity in 3-D modeling instructional texts. Unfortunately, there is a lack of a clear overarching framework for teachers to understand what are the common themes which tie all of these different modeling tools together. This paper uses Shneiderm...

Any opinions, findings, or conclusions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies, WCER, or cooperating institutions. The authors acknowledges the research and editorial contributions of 2 This paper explores the idea of distributed instructional leadership as a way to understand instructional leadership practice in compreh...

the steady growing innovations in the area of information and communication technology have raised new concepts and possibilities in different life aspects. in the field of further education and professional training, electronic learning and web-based education are perhaps the most prominent ones. proponents of this technology claim that e-learning courses are at least as effective as correspon...

The software industry has a growing demand for project managers which has leveraged the efforts to improve the teaching of project management competencies in higher education computer courses. Part of these efforts has been concentrated on improving instructional feedback when teaching these competencies. Instructional feedback is essential in order to help the students to learn based on an eva...

One can gain appreciable insights to the present day status of the field of instructional technology (IT) from examining its early beginnings and the origins of current practice. Programmed Instruction (PI) was an integral factor in the evolution of the instructional design process, and serves as the foundation for the procedures in which IT professionals now engage for the development of effec...