http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1806-37132014000300002 PRO measures and can meet the regulators’ requirements stated above. Usually, the process of translating PRO measures involves the following steps: translation of the original instrument into the target language by two independent translators and reconciliation into one version (forward step); translation of the reconciled version back into the ...

Background Immersion is important for simulation-based education; however, questionnaire-based instruments to measure immersion have some limitations. The aim of the present work is to develop a new instrument to measure immersion among participants in healthcare simulation scenarios. Methods The instrument was developed in four phases: trigger identification, content validity scores, inter-r...

the purpose followed in this study was to analyze barriers of agriculture biotechnology development in iran. the research method was a descriptive and correlational one. the statistical population consisted of agricultural biotechnology specialists in the tehran province of whom n=108 were taken through census method to take part in the study. finally 85 questionnaires (research instrument) wer...

What role did the US courts play in the Argentine debt swap of 2005? What implications does this have for the future of creditor rights in sovereign bond markets? The judge in the Argentine case has, it appears, deftly exploited creditor heterogeneity – between holdouts seeking capital gains and institutional investors wanting a settlement – to promote a swap with a supermajority of creditors. ...

Reduction in maternal mortality requires an in-depth knowledge of the causes of death. This study was conducted to explore the circumstances and events leading to maternal mortality through a holistic approach. Using narrative text analysis, all documents related to maternal deaths occurred from 2007 to 2011 in Kerman province/Iran were reviewed thoroughly by an expert panel. A 93-item chart ab...

INTRODUCTION The importance of content validity in the instrument psychometric and its relevance with reliability, have made it an essential step in the instrument development. This article attempts to give an overview of the content validity process and to explain the complexity of this process by introducing an example. METHODS We carried out a methodological study conducted to examine the ...