in any supply chain, distribution planning of products is of great importance to managers. with effective and flexible distribution planning, mangers can increase the efficiency of time, place, and delivery utility of whole supply chain. in this paper, inventory routing problem (irp) is applied to distribution planning of perishable products in a supply chain. the studied supply chain is compos...

on time supply of materials in construction projects is very important. therefore, coordinating a project with key suppliers, while ensuring the timely supply of materials, make the minimum costs of project. one way to create this coordination is integrated inventory planning which has been accomplished in this study. it is necessary to mention that such a model is considered np_hard in terms o...

A linear programming model using the random sampling technique was used for optimization of products in production line Nigerian Bottling Company (NBC), Lagos, which has many facilities and multi-products systems. Products from company are distributed to a number depots across country demand each product is known. The problem interest involves determining what product/s should be made, how much...

generally ordering policies are done by two methods, including fix order quantity (foq) and fix order period (fop). these methods are static and either the quantity of ordering or the procedure of ordering is fixing in throughout time horizon. in real environments, demand is varying in any period and may be considered as uncertainty. when demand is variable in any period, the traditional and st...

In this research, an integrated inventory problem is formulated for a single-vendor multiple-retailer supply chain that works according to the vendor managed inventory policy. The model is derived based on the economic order quantity in which shortages with penalty costs at the retailers` level is permitted. As predicting customer demand is the most important problem in inventory systems and th...

Dissertation Abstract This dissertation focuses on the perishable inventory theory with health-care applications, the multi-variate input modeling for stochastic simulations, and temporal and bivariate dependence modeling for interarrival and service times of the queueing systems. This disser-tation contributes to the perishable inventory theory by introducing the critical level policy for the ...

A “phantom stockout” is a retail stockout phenomenon caused either by inventory shrinkage or by shelf execution failure. Unlike the conventional stockout which can be corrected by inventory replenishment, a phantom stockout persists and requires human interventions. In this paper, we propose two partially-observable Markov decision models: one for the shrinkage problem and the other for the she...