1. Understanding predator–prey interactions of the arthropod community in any given ecosystem is essential in pinpointing the biological control services provided by natural enemies. 2. Hence, four prey-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were developed to analyse the gut contents of the cotton predator community. The four targeted prey included a herbivore/pest, omnivore/pest, omni...

A field survey was conducted in Ngel-Nyaki Forest Reserve to assess the diversity of bees within Reserve. Two methods sampling techniques were used sample bee species, opportunistic and systematic sweep netting. Opportunistic method applied by netting along 100 m plot where flowering plants blooming. Collection a single collector using an active search walking randomly around observing searchin...

Aims: The objective of study was to population density Eurydema pulchrum in cabbage plants Batu Palano, Agam, West Sumatera, Indonesia.
 Study Design: Purposive random sampling.
 Place and Duration Study: research conducted plants, Agam regency, Wesy Indonesia Laboratory Pest, Faculty Agriculture, Riau University, Pekanbaru, from November 2022 January 2023.
 Methodology: sampling...

This work was carried out to improve the probability of interception of frequency sweep and lower the system complexity of non-sweep mode of the electronic intelligence system for frequency agile radar signal. A low complexity receiver structure and its associated demodulation algorithm with high probability of intercept are also presented. Moreover, the applicability of this structure for the ...

A second record of Hesperinusninae Papp & Krivosheina, 2010 is given on the basis of material collected by sweep net from the northern slope of the Saguramo range north of Tbilisi, Georgia. The habitus and male terminalia are illustrated and the systematics briefly discussed.