T he Task Force on Community Preventive Services presents recommendations in this supplement to the American Journal of Preventive Medicine relating to the transfer of juveniles to the adult criminal justice system. 1,2 The questions the Task Force considered are whether transfers reduce or prevent violent crimes by people younger than 18 by means either of individual deterrence (reducing futur...

The article concerns juvenile community services for the benefit of local – an educational measure used by Polish courts. It presents research carried out using three methods: legal-dogmatic method, statistical and case study method. covered 14 cases in which 2013 court obliged juveniles to work (nearly 1% total number such rulings within this year Poland). results show that courts use increasi...

With suicide being the third leading cause of death among young people, early identification of risk is critical, particularly for those involved with the juvenile courts. In this study of court-involved youth (N = 433) in two Midwest counties, logistic regression analysis identified some expected and unexpected findings of important demographic, educational, mental health, child welfare, and j...

The United States juvenile justice system owes its existence to the first juvenile court established in Illinois in1899 to fill the socioeconomic and, most importantly, parental needs of delinquent juveniles who found themselves in state detention. The primary goal was to offer such disadvantaged children protection against physical and psychological harms and the supervision and guidance they ...

OBJECTIVE The primary purpose of this study was to test a relatively efficient strategy for enhancing the capacity of juvenile drug courts (JDC) to reduce youth substance use and criminal behavior by incorporating components of evidence-based treatments into their existing services. METHOD Six JDCs were randomized to a condition in which therapists were trained to deliver contingency manageme...

I n a context where more than 1,000,000 American adolescents are processed by juvenile courts annually and approximately 160,000 are sent to residential placements, this paper examines “what works” and “what doesn’t work” in reducing the criminal behavior of juvenile offenders and presents examples of government initiatives that have successfully promoted the adoption, implementation, and susta...

In their study of 927 youths, Kivisto and colleagues found that future orientation, as well as age and intellectual ability, are associated with capacities indicating competence to stand trial. They conclude that the relationship between the capacity to make reasoned decisions and age is partially explained by variable development in future orientation. In particular, the findings of Kivisto an...

Justice Fortas in this quotation was addressing the extent of procedural due process provided in juvenile proceedings in 1966. Well-meaning members of the criminal justice system had developed a court process intent on helping juveniles, rather than punishing them as criminal offenders. Since there was no criminal adjudication, and anonymity was generally assured, it was believed that the nicet...