Time-cost trade off problem (TCTP), known in the literature as project crashing problem (PCP) and project speeding up problem (PSP) is a part of project management in planning phase. In this problem, determining the optimal levels of activity durations and activity costs which satisfy the project goal(s), leads to a balance between the project completion time and the project total cost. A large...

Crashing is a method for optimally shortening the project makespan by reducing the time of one or more activities in a project network by allocating resources to it. Activity durations are however uncertain and techniques in stochastic optimization, robust optimization and distributionally robust optimization have been developed to tackle this problem. In this paper, we study a class of distrib...

The time–cost tradeoff problem is one of the most important and applicable problems in project scheduling area. There are many factors that force the mangers to crash the time. This factor could be early utilization, early commissioning and operation, improving the project cash flow, avoiding unfavorable weather conditions, compensating the delays, and so on. Since there is a need to allocate e...

To save overhead and penalty costs, in many cases of Multi-Period Multi-Product (MPMP) planning systems, reducing the completion time is highly desirable. Therefore, in this paper we study this problem. We propose an approach in which a MPMP problem is converted into a project management network. Then, considering network concepts and properties, a multi stage novel mathematical model is propos...

Abstract: This paper presents an exact model and a genetic algorithm for the multi-mode resource constrained project scheduling problem with generalized precedence relations in which the duration of an activity is determined by the mode selection and the duration reduction (crashing) applied within the selected mode. All resources considered are renewable. The objective is to determine a mode, ...

Due to the increase in population all over world, term city development has emerged using method of sustainable green cities, which are cities designed taking into account environmental impact reduce required input from energy, water, and food production. This study discusses this topic with three main objectives; first is analyze project work network Sustainable Green City Development Project,...