In recent years, some researches have been done on simultaneous monitoring of multivariate process mean vector and covariance matrix. However, the effect of measurement error, which exists in many practical applications, on the performance of these control charts is not well studied. In this paper, the effect of measurement error with linearly increasing variance on the performance of ELR contr...

introduction: the exact measurement of the root canal length is of great importance in root canal therapy. although, determination of the root canal length through radiography is the most common method, recently electronic apex locators are being used to determine working length and decrease the number of radiographs. the purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of an electronic apex l...

Based on the principle of time domain reflectometry(TDR) cable length measurement, the principle error of the TDR cable length measurement is analyzed. Methods for reducing cable length measurement error are analyzed. Two cable length measurement systems based on the TDR principle are designed. The high-precision time interval measurement module is the core of the first measurement system. The ...

Abstract Intensity interferometry is one of the most conventional methods for measuring the length of a short light pulse (from ps to sub-ps). We attempted to apply this method to the measurement of bunch length at the Photon Factory. We tested both the second-harmonic autocorrelation method and the two-photon interference method. With both methods, we observed the autocorrelation signal of the...

Introduction: The exact measurement of the root canal length is of great importance in root canal therapy. Although, determination of the root canal length through radiography is the most common method, recently electronic apex locators are being used to determine working length and decrease the number of radiographs. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of an electronic apex l...