Today, learners’ interaction and collaborative task performance have attracted increasing attention from language teachers and researchers. The present study investigated whether collaborative pre-planning, task complexity manipulation, and language proficiency level play a role in learners’ interactions. To this end, 128 EFL learners from two different language proficiency levels carried out t...

The present study investigated the effect of different types of text simplification (i.e., reducing the lexical and syntactic complexity of texts) on reading comprehension of English as a Foreign Language learners (EFL). Sixty female intermediate EFL learners from three intact classes in Tabarestan Language Institute in Tehran participated in the study. The intact classes were assigned to three...

The paper analyses the application of DATR language for lexical knowledge presentation for interpreting Bulgarian inflectional morphology. It discuss the semantic network of the feature of definiteness in Bulgarian language and compares the lexical knowledge representation for the different part-of-speech with respect to the defined grammar rules, the sound alternations, the related formal pres...

The present study aims at the description and analysis of the phonological and lexical development of a child who is acquiring Farsi as his first language. The child's language production at the holophrastic stage of language development, mainly single words, is observed and recorded  longitudinally for nearly seven  months since he was 16 months old until he turned 23 months. An attempt is mad...

Abstract In adult learners’ collaborative dialogue, oral+written tasks have been found to promote a greater incidence and resolution of language-related episodes demand higher levels accuracy than oral thanks the extra time learners reflect on their written outcome. No previous studies tested whether asking attend in both modalities would yield similar results. The present study with 23 dyads y...

Categories are not invariant. This paper attempts to explore the dynamic nature of semantic category, in particular, that of fashion language, based on the cognitive theory of Dawkins’ memetics, a new theory of cultural evolution. Semantic attributes of linguistic memes decrease or proliferate in replication and spreading, which involves a dynamic development of semantic category. More specific...

Lexical selection in Machine Translation consists of several related components. Two that have received a lot of attention are lexical mapping from an underlying concept or lexical item, and choosing the correct subcategorization frame based on argument structure. Because most MT applications are small or relatively domain speciic, a third component of lexical selection is generally overlooked-...