Block copolymer nano-micelles are especially important in cancer treatment because of their fine dimensions. In this article, three systems of amphiphilic copolymers with similar lengths and different ratios of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic chains are studied using implicit-solvent coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. The factor fphil is defined as the ratio of the number...

Due to the existence of different races and ethnicities and their different life styles, anatomical structure of people vary from one region of the world to another. The goal of this study is to determine the anterior femoral bowing to length ratio, which can be useful for planning major medical and therapeutic projects as well as designing medical equipment (including nails, orthoses and prost...

Very few studies that evaluated the association between fi nger length ratio and body composition in adult population showed very diverse results. We carried out a radiographic study on a large population sample who had participated in a Chuvashian skeletal aging study investigating different aspects of skeletal aging. The aims of this study were to evaluate the association between 2D:4D ratio ...

Manning, Bundred, Newton, and Flanagan reported a significant correlation of .29 in a sample of 50 British males between the length of a repeated sequence on the androgen receptor gene and 2D:4D finger-length ratio on the right hand. We report a 2nd failure to replicate this result. Ours was a sample of 182 Australian male twins studied for other purposes, for whom both measures were available....

BACKGROUND Hyperopia is a risk factor for esotropia and amblyopia. A previous study indicated that disc areas (DAs) are reduced in patients with amblyopia. OBJECTIVE To determine if there is a difference in the relative size of the optic disc in hyperopic eyes without strabismus or amblyopia compared with esotropic and amblyopic eyes, the relationship of axial length (AXL) to DA in subjects w...

Now advertized in at least one locale as the ‘sexy ratio’ with the caption, ‘Your hands give away your hotness’ (http://io9.com/ #!5794008; accessed 3 May 2011), an online summary of a recent study linking facial attractiveness to the ratio of the index and ring fingers indicates that digit ratio (2D:4D) research has reached mainstream culture. Digit ratio, most commonly the ratio of the index ...

We show that any outerplanar graph admits a planar straightline drawing such that the length ratio of the longest to the shortest edges is strictly less than 2. This result is tight in the sense that for any > 0 there are outerplanar graphs that cannot be drawn with an edge-length ratio smaller than 2 − . We also show that every bipartite outerplanar graph has a planar straight-line drawing wit...

Circadian clocks allow organisms to orchestrate the daily rhythms in physiology and behaviors, and disruption of circadian rhythmicity can profoundly affect fitness. The mammalian circadian oscillator consists of a negative primary feedback loop and is associated with some 'auxiliary' loops. This raises the questions of how these interlocking loops coordinate to regulate the period and maintain...

in order to study the gene actions and heritability of the physical and chemical characteristics associated with appearance and cooking quality of rice grain, generation mean analysis was performed using a cross between two iranian rice cultivars, deylamani and sepidroud, having different quality characters. seeds of the parental lines and f1, f2, bc1 and bc2 generations were grown in randomize...