consideration of the current-voltage (i-v) characteristics variations of solar modules with temperature and irradiations variations is basic for maximum power point tracking (mppt). having a simple and accurate mathematical model for the optimize utilization of the solar modules is essential. in this paper, a novel modeling of photovoltaic systems with novel coefficients is proposed for mathema...

abstract forecasting electrical energy demand and consumption is one of the important decision-making tools in distributing companies for making contracts scheduling and purchasing electrical energy. this paper studies load consumption modeling in hamedan city province distribution network by applying esn neural network. weather forecasting data such as minimum day temperature, average day temp...

Climate change due to increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases (especially CO2) in the atmosphere causes changes in the rainfall regime, runoff rate, wind speed and solar radiation of atmosphere. In the present research, the maximum and minimum temperature parameters were simulated during the base period of 1979-2088 and two future periods of 1979-2070 and 2070-2090 using daily ...

kermanshah station as station coordinates 34 degrees 21 minutes north latitude and 47 degrees9 minutes east longitude has been extreme temperature fluctuations and predict for the analysis of kermanshah and their relationship with the nao is considered to carry out this study, data relating to the maximum annual absolute maximum temperature.. رnowadays one of the most important discussions in t...

In the present study, the operating conditions of an anode-supported high temperature direct internal reforming (DIR) planar solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) are numerically analyzed. SOFCs are the energy conversion devices that produce electricity and heat directly from a gaseous fuel by the electrochemical combination of that fuel with an oxidant. A planar SOFC consists of an interconnect structu...

We present low temperature Raman measurements on Ca3Co2O6. Shell model lattice dynamics calculations were done to determine the vibrational pattern of the expected Raman modes. In the temperature window 300K to 52K the mode frequencies and the full width at half maxima (FWHM) of the modes vary in an expected fashion, i.e., the mode frequencies shift to higher values and the FWHM decreases with ...

in this paper the numerical analysis of flow and time dependent heat transfer of micro-tube conveying nanofluid in laminar flow is investigated. in this study, convection heat transfer of nanofluid and base fluid and transient analysis for time-varying heat flux for time step of 0.0001 second are elucidated. it is observed that the pumping power of nanofluid flowing and the maximum temperature ...

the air temperature trend has been increasing during recent decades, especially in the regions such as iran which is located in dry and semi-dry world belt. in this research we used markov chain to obtain probabilities of heat waves with different continues in kerman province using 20 years daily maximum air temperature data during 1986-2005. we analyzed daily maximum air temperature data of 5 ...