A brief discussion of the main ideas behind population biology. The basic starting points in modelling populations, and common assumptions are discussed. Possible difficulties in assumptions are also mentioned. Different models are discussed as examples, each using different (progressively less) assumptions. Finally, the possible dangers in some of these assumptions is discussed.

In this article we deal with general aspects of machine translation evaluation. We describe several commonly used methods of the evaluation and discuss their problems and shortcomings. Then we outline a few thoughts and ideas which try to solve mentioned problems and stand behind a design of a new method of machine translation evaluation.

Abstrakt (English): The past 15 years have seen notable progress in the field of adaptive hypermedia e-learning systems. Many systems were created and some of them brought new, interesting, and unusual ideas. Unfortunately a few were almost forgotten since their documentation was difficult to find. This article presents an overview of almost all existing significant adaptive hypermedia systems ...

A partial solution of content-oriented processing is proposed. We combine ideas of tuple spaces, spaces of XML documents, the theory of situations and logic programming into one coherent mechanism. This mechanism can be used to build context-aware business solutions, such as enhanced workflow systems, semantic search engines and integrated intelligent user environments that ought to satisfy all...

We present some ideas on self-validating (SV) methods. This note is especially intended to give some background for the articles in this special volume of LAA. It is not intended to be a survey of the big variety of all possible aspects of SV-methods but rather a summary of some basic concepts. Especially, some common misconceptions are mentioned and explored.