We suggest that the impact of metaphoric language does not depend entirely on the conceptual metaphor that is evoked, nor on the form the metaphoric language takes, but also on the steps involved in evoking a given metaphor. This is especially apparent in minimalist poetry. Readers are given hints, cultural conventions, or no guidance at all, on how to fill in missing metaphoric domains and map...

Cognitive linguists contend that learners’ awareness of motivations is the key in not only second language acquisition but also figurative language learning. Two cognitive-oriented methods are proposed to raise L2 learners’ awareness on metaphoric/metonymic expressions and to enhance retention: instruction involving conceptual metaphors (CM) and instruction involving metaphoric mappings (MM). T...

Motivated by the limits of EWN with respect to the treatment of metaphor and the consequences on the use of the database for WSD, we address the issue of the encoding of information on metaphors in wordnets. We assume as a starting point the theory of metaphor as a cognitive rather than a linguistic phenomenon, as proposed by [1] and [2]. According to this theory, metaphoric linguistic expressi...

OBJECTIVE The effects of estrogen on comprehension of metaphoric speech, word fluency, and verbal ability were investigated in women suffering from schizophrenia. The issue of estrogen-dependent neuropsychological performance could be highly relevant because women with schizophrenia frequently suffer from hypoestrogenism. METHOD A placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study using 17beta...

This paper explores contemporary metaphoric usage invoked to describe interactions with digital media. The authors argue that such descriptions are indicative of positivist attempts to contain such interactions within the constraints of a reality bound by experiential knowledge outside of cyberspace or the virtual worlds it seeks to describe. Thus the authors suggest a metaphoric system or semi...

In this paper, based on the contemporary theory of cognitive metaphor, the metaphoric functions of Jamal (Beauty) and the clusters of images related to it, namely the world, man, face, sun, mirror, etc. in Mawlavi's lyrics are explained. In theology, the motif of conceptual metaphor of Jamal is Ro'yat (vision). Finding its way into mysticism, "vision" is expressed in the metaphor of B...

Digitization causes fundamental shifts in economy and society. These changes will go in line with significant changes of corporate core competencies as well as the skills and capabilities of employees. Due to the increasing pace of technological development in production and service processes as well as the ongoing trend to automation classic educational approaches will no longer suffice to ens...