Unshelled walnuts were artificially infested with diapausing fifth ins tar codling moth, Cvdia nomonella (L.), larvae and fumigated with 56 g/m3 methyl bromide for 4 h at 15.6°C under a reduced pressure of 100 mm Hg. When 34,959 were treated, one larva survived, indicating a survival rate of 2.91 larvae per 100~000 treated. The upper 95% CL for this survival rate was 13.8 larvae per 100,000 tre...

Field experiments were conducted to evaluate growth promotion and induced systemic disease resistance (ISR) in cucumber mediated by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with and without methyl bromide soil fumigation. In both fumigated and nonfumigated plots, numbers of cucumber beetles, Acalymma vittata (F.), and the incidence of bacterial wilt disease, caused by the beetle-transmitted ...

In this research, an efficient synthesis toward 2-(2-((4-Methoxybenzoyl)imino)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)thiazol-3(2H)-yl)-2-phenylacetic acid via a three-component tandem reaction using aroylisothiocyanate, phenyl glycine, and 4-methoxyphenacyl bromide in an ionic liquid (IL) has been described. 1-Methyl-3-pentylimidazolium bromide (IL) has been employed as a recyclable green solvent. The work-up pro...

The photodissociation of small organic molecules, namely methyl iodide, methyl bromide, and methyl chloride, adsorbed on a metal surface was investigated in real time by means of femtosecond-laser pump-probe mass spectrometry. A weakly interacting gold surface was employed as substrate because the intact adsorption of the methyl halide molecules was desired prior to photoexcitation. The gold su...