It is generally conjectured that the Mann iteration converges faster than the Ishikawa iteration for any operator defined on an arbitrary closed convex subset of a Banach space. The recent result of Babu et al [1] shows that this conjecture can be proved for a class of quasi-contractive operators called the Zamfirescu operators[10]. In this paper it is shown that the proof can indeed be general...

Since Berrou, Glavieux and Thitimajshima published their landmark paper in 1993, different modified BCJR MAP algorithms have appeared in the literature. The existence of a relatively large number of similar but different modified BCJR MAP algorithms, derived using the Markov chain properties of convolutional codes, naturally leads to the following questions. What is the relationship among the d...

Results are obtained about the existence and behavior of hereditarily weakly confluent maps of continua onto the unit circle S1. A simple and useful necessary and sufficient condition is given for a map of a continuum, X, onto S1 to be hereditarily weakly confluent (HWC). It is shown that when X is arcwise connected, an HWC map of X onto S1 is monotone with arcwise connected fibers. A number of...

Received: December 21, 2010 Accepted: January 7, 2011 doi:10.5539/jmr.v3n2p151 Abstract In this paper, we study fixed point theorems for multi-valued weak contractions. We show that the Picard projection iteration converges to a fixed point, give a rate of convergence and generalize Collage theorem. This work includes results on multi-valued contraction mappings studied by (Kunze, H.E., La Torr...

In this paper, we shall establish two fixed point theorems by following the concept of [9, 21] and using weak contractions of the integral type. Our results are generalizations of the classical Banach’s fixed point theorem [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 25] as well as extensions of some other results of Berinde [4, 5, 6, 7], Berinde and Berinde [8], Branciari [9], Chatterjea [10], Kannan [16] and Zamfiresc...

Polynomials on stranded graphs are higher dimensional generalization of Tutte and Bollobás–Riordan polynomials [Math. Ann. 323 (2002), 81–96]. Here, we deepen the analysis of the polynomial invariant defined on rank 3 weakly-colored stranded graphs introduced in arXiv:1301.1987. We successfully find in dimension D ≥ 3 a modified Euler characteristic with D − 2 parameters. Using this modified in...

Humans and laboratory animals recognize human modified LDL as immunogenic. Immune complexes (ICs) isolated from human sera contain malondialdehyde-modified LDL (MDA-LDL) and N (epsilon)(carboxymethyl)lysine-modified LDL (CML-LDL) as well as antibodies reacting with MDA-LDL, copper-oxidized LDL (OxLDL), CML-LDL, and advanced glycosylation end product (AGE)-modified LDL. OxLDL and AGE-LDL antibod...