abstract background and purpose: aging is associated with brain changes and reduction in motor skill acquisi­tion that can limit its functional capacity. one of the effective interventions is using transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs). the aim of this systematic review was to assess the effect of tdcs on learning and motor skill in healthy older adults. materials and methods: a litera...

It is unclear how the variability of kinematic errors experienced during motor training affects skill retention and motivation. We used force fields produced by a haptic robot to modulate the kinematic errors of 30 healthy adults during a period of practice in a virtual simulation of golf putting. On day 1, participants became relatively skilled at putting to a near and far target by first prac...

Improvements in motor sequence learning come about via goal-based learning of the sequence of visual stimuli and muscle-based learning of the sequence of movement responses. In young adults, consolidation of goal-based learning is observed after intervals of sleep but not following wake, whereas consolidation of muscle-based learning is greater following intervals with wake compared to sleep. W...

Lack of adequate physical activity in children is an epidemic that can result in obesity and other poor health outcomes across the lifespan. Physical activity interventions focused on motor skill competence continue to be developed, but some interventions, such as neuromuscular training (NMT), may be limited in how early they can be implemented due to dependence on the child's level of cognitiv...

JOPERD • Volume 77 No. 6 • August 2006 D own syndrome (DS) is the most frequently occurring chromosomal abnormality. It results from the presence of an extra partial or complete 21st chromosome. This increase in genetic material disrupts all aspects of an individual’s physical, mental, and social development. While the specifi c sensory and perceptual-motor impairments associated with DS have b...

Motor skill learning involves a practice-induced improvement in the speed and/or accuracy of a discrete movement. It is often thought that paradigms involving repetitive practice of discrete movements performed in a fixed sequence result in a further enhancement of skill beyond practice of the individual movements in a random order. Sequence-specific performance improvements could, however, ari...

fundamental motor skills are key components of motor development and are divided into two main sub groups including fine and gross motor skills. the main purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of balance training with swiss ball (btwsb) on gross motor skill of children with attention deficit – hyperactivity disorder. participants of the present study were three 6 to 8 years ol...

Agility is important for sport performance and potentially injury risk; however, factors affecting this motor skill remain unclear. Here, we evaluated the extent to which lower extremity dexterity (LED) and muscle performance were associated with agility. Fourteen male and 14 female soccer athletes participated. Agility was evaluated using a hopping sequence separately with both limbs and with ...

Learning is generally performed in two stages, knowledge acquisition and skill refinement. Developments within machine learning have tended to concentrate on knowledge acquisition as opposed to skill refinement. In this paper we develop mechanisms for skill refinement within the context of lazy learning by incorporating competence feedback into the exemplar base. The extent of competence feedba...