The multi-objective optimization for a multi-product multi-period four-echelon supply chain network consisting of manufacturing plants, distribution centers (DCs) and retailers each with uncertain services and uncertain customer nodes are aimed in this paper. The two objectives are minimization of the total supply chain cost and maximization of the average number of products dispatched to custo...

Multi-echelon distribution networks are quite common in supply chain and logistics. Deliveries of multiple items from factories to customers aremanagedby routing and consolidating shipments inwarehouses carrying on long-term inventories. On the other hand, cross-docking is a logistics technique that differs from warehousing because products are no longer stored at intermediate depots. Instead, ...

We consider a single-item, periodic-review, serial, multi-echelon inventory system, with linear inventory holding and penalty costs. In order to facilitate shipment consolidation and capacity planning, we assume the system has implemented periodic batching: each stage is allowed to order at given equidistant times. Further, for each stage except the most downstream one, the reorder interval is ...

This paper focuses on the development of simulation-based environment for multi-echelon cyclic planning and optimisation in the product maturity phase. It is based on integration of analytical and simulation techniques. Analytical techniques are used to obtain initial planning decisions under conditions of stochastic demand and lead time, whereas simulation techniques extend these conditions to...

the environmental rules of reverse logistic networks have caused important economic growth in the past decades. to integrate forward logistic networks with reverse logistics networks a helpful method is to design both networks simultaneously. considering more retrieval choices in modeling reverse logistic systems can be very critical. this article contains a mixed integer linear programming mod...

Multi-echelon distribution systems and more precisely, optimization of LTL routes related to them is one of the most popular subjects in the last 5 years of vehicle routing research. Although a plethora of models, methods and visions is found, it is still difficult to compare them because they use different terminologies and some authors insist on the fact there are a multitude of close but dif...

The Multi-Echelon Distribution Supply Chain (MEDSC) is a multifaceted structure, focusing on the integration of all factors that involved in the overall distribution process of finished products to the customers. The growing interest in multi-echelon distribution systems has highlighted the need to adopt an appropriate approach to ensure the efficient management of their complexity. While there...

In this paper, we devise a framework for obtaining the optimal ordering policy in a single location, continuous review inventory system with arbitrary inter-demand times. We show that it is optimal to order at demand arrival epochs only if the inter-demand time has constant or decreasing failure rate (CFR or DFR). When the inter-demand time has increasing failure rate (IFR), we show that the op...