The crack epidemic was devastating to poor American communities in part because of the destruction wrought by the system of exchanging sex for drugs, which was a key feature of the crack-use culture. Sex-for-drugs exchanges were often conducted under unsafe circumstances and were linked to the spread of AIDS and other STDs, as well as unplanned pregnancies. The existence of this alternative sys...

Objectives: Early maladaptive schemas are valid representations of unpleasant childhood experiences that shape a person’s viewpoints of the world, and lead to clinical symptoms such as depression, personality disorders, and substance abuse. Given the importance of this matter, we conducted a research on early maladaptive schemas in substance-abusers, to allow more appropriate preventive m...

Background: Methamphetamine is a highly addictive psychostimulant. Narcotics also reduce anxiety and aggression create kind of euphoria. These characteristics provide special attraction for the abuse these substances sexual behaviors, by that, high-risk behaviors. Objectives: The current research intended to compare impact methamphetamine narcotics on Patients Methods: This comparative study wa...

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had unsolvable psychosocial effects on human beings. marginalized community, especially drug users, probably suffer from greater burden. Objectives: current study aimed to predict COVID-19-induced anxiety based attachment styles, resilience, and life expectancy in users. Methods: present is correlational descriptive-analytical research. st...