background: boron neutron capture therapy (bnct) is a very promising treatment for patients suffering gliobastoma multiforme, an aggressive type of brain cancer, where conventional radiation therapies fail. thermal neutrons are suitable for the direct treatment of cancers which are located at near-tissue-surface deep-seated tumors need harder, epithermal neutron energy spectra. materials and me...

SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND Percutaneous transluminal angioplasties (PTA) through balloon dilatation with or without stenting, i.e. vessel expansion through balloons with or without of implantation of small tubes, called stents, are used in the treatment of peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD). The intravascular vessel irradiation, called intravascular brachytherapy, promises a reduction in the...

Background: Several landmine detection methods, based on nuclear techniques, have been suggested during the recent years. Neutron energy moderation, neutron-induced gamma emission, neutron and gamma attenuation, and fast neutron backscattering are nuclear-based methods used for landmine detection. The aim of this study is to use backscattered neutron for landmine detection. Materials ...

Introduction In this study, we aimed to calculate dose enhancement factor (DEF) for gold (Au) and iron (Fe) nanoparticles (NPs) in brachytherapy and teletherapy, using Monte Carlo (MC) method. Materials and Methods In this study, a new algorithm was introduced to calculate dose enhancement by AuNPs and FeNPs for Iridium-192 (Ir-192) brachytherapy and Cobalt-60 (Co-60) teletherapy sources, using...

Background: The aim of this work was to establish how well gel dosimeters performed, as substitutes for brain tissue compared with standard phantom materials such as water, polymethyl-methacrylate (or PMMA), A150 plastic and TE- liquid phantom material for dosimetry of neutron beams in boron neutron capture therapy. Materials and Methods: Thermal neutron fluence, photon dose and epithermal neu...

Introduction: Brachytherapy is one type of internal radiation therapy where radiation sources, which are usually encapsulated, are placed as close as possible to the tumor site or inside the patient's body. In this technique, it is important to determine dose distribution around the brachytherapy capsule to create optimal treatment plant. In this way, dosimetric parameters are...

Traditional brachytherapy refers to the placement of radioactive sources on or inside the cancer tissues. Based on the type of sources, brachytherapy can be classified as radionuclide and electronic brachytherapy. Electronic brachytherapy uses miniaturized X-ray sources instead of radionuclides to deliver high doses of radiation. The advantages of electronic brachytherapy include low dose to or...

Background: Miniature neutron sources with high neutron flux have abundant applications in medicine, industry and researches. The most important general characteristic of miniature neutron sources is their diameter which is 3mm in average. In this research, we have surveyed and designed an Am-Be miniature neutron source fabrication. Materials and Methods: This investigation resulted in creation...

background: monte carlo simulations play a vital role in the calculation of the necessary shielding both for neutrons and photons. advanced and simple shielding materials against neutron and gamma rays were compared by simulation using the mcnb4b monte carlo code. the simulations were carried out for the three common neutron sources, namely the 252cf, the 241am/be and the dd neutron generator w...