Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of seafood-related infections with illnesses undergoing a geographic expansion. In this process of expansion, the most fundamental change has been the transition from infections caused by local strains to the surge of pandemic clonal types. Pandemic clone sequence type 3 (ST3) was the only example of transcontinental spreading until 2012, when ST36 w...

Calomyscus elburzensis Goodwin, 1938, was previously known from central and northern Iran to southern and southwestern Turkmenistan and northwestern Afghanistan. Its type locality is at altitude of 1200m elevation in the Kurkhud Mts., North Khorasan province in northeastern Iran. This study provides new evidence that its range is more extensive than thought previously and central Iranian Mounta...

Pine wilt disease (PWD) caused by the pine wood nematode (PWN) is China’s most serious forest in recent decades. Its complex system with unclear pathogenesis and differentiated pathogenicity makes it challenging to manage control. PWD has spread rapidly Northeast Northwest China years, exceeding previous predictions traditional understanding of its potential distribution. This paper reviewed co...

Lake sediments in 10 Ethiopian, Kenyan, and Tanzanian rift basins suggest that there were three humid periods at 2.7 to 2.5 million years ago (Ma), 1.9 to 1.7 Ma, and 1.1 to 0.9 Ma, superimposed on the longer-term aridification of East Africa. These humid periods correlate with increased aridity in northwest and northeast Africa and with substantial global climate transitions. These episodes co...

There are two commonly utilised, but distinct, methods for measuring carapace length of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea). Either the carapace is measured along the central ridge or to the side of the central ridge. Here, we demonstrate that these two measurements produce differing results. Moreover, we formulate a globally-applicable correction factor to standardise between these two ...

the prevalenee of intestinal helminths was determined by stool examination of the inhabitants of two mountainous areas in the northeast (torghabeh) and northwest (8asmenge) of iran. all members of 20% of the families from 10 villages of torghabeh amounting to 18 i 2 persons, and 10% of families from 23 villages of basmenge to 10 i 7 individuals were chosen by stratified sampling method and were...

alteration was ohserved along minor subsidiary faults in the northwest and northeast parts of Iron Range Mountain. The main Iron Range deposit consists of the segment of the ault containing the richest iron mineralization and underlies the northern half of the ridge which makes up Iron Range Mountain. This area extends northward onto the Grassy Mountain sheet (82FB). The area of m...

The evolution of mod& forest resource management is focusing on ecologically-sensitive forest operations. This shift in management strategies is producing a new set of functional requirements for forest operations. Systems to implement ecosystem management prescriptionsmay need to be economically viable over a wider range of piece sizes, for example. Increasing demands for more efficient fiber ...