for sexual reproduction of allium hirtifolium, collected bulbs were planted in the field. in order to develop ovary embryo and seed setting, control self-pollination and natural open pollination took placed using honey bees under cages. ovary development and seed setting of a. hirtifolium extraordinary were affected by pollination and there was a significant difference between mean effect of se...

introduction: abusing drugs such as morphine continues to be a serious medical and social problem. defining a habit that increases the devastating effect such as compulsive use and craving is necessary. methods: this experiment was designed in four groups 1) group-housed (gh) 2) isolation 3) group-housed morphine-treated (ghmt) (4) isolated-housed morphine-treated (ihmt). rats were received mor...

anxiety symptoms have been reported to be present in many patients with diabetes mellitus. however, little is known about the effects of hyperglycemia in critical periods of the central nervous system development. we assessed locomotive, exploratory, and anxiety behaviors in adult rats that remained from infantile repeated hyperglycemia by the open field and elevated plus maze tests. our findin...