Time-delays are important components of many dynamical systems that describe coupling or interconnection between dynamics, propagation or transport phenomena, and heredity and competition in population dynamics. The stabilization with time delay in observation or control represents difficult mathematical challenges in the control of distributed parameter systems. It is well-known that the stabi...

This investigation examined the mixed effects of visual input enhancement, explicit instruction, pushed output, and corrective feedback on noticing and intake of English conjunctive adverbs. Participants included 83 intermediate EFL students enrolled in a grammar and writing course. They were assigned to a control group (n = 22), explicit instruction + pushed output + explicit corrective feedba...

In this letter, we study the irregular output feedback linear quadratic (LQ) control problem where state is measured through a system with noise. It interesting to show that standard average LQ cost unsolvable even if solvable, which completely different from classical regular control. order guarantee solvability of control, modified at terminal time expectation in letter. framework function, i...