In 1960 Leland Clark reported his discovery that the concentration of ascorhic acid injected into the blood stream could be measured continuously with a platinum electrode and amperometric apparatus. His communication was important because it gave cardiologists an innocuous indicator and a simple method for recording dilution curves within the circulation. The principle of the method is that a ...

the electrocatalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction (orr) on carbon supportedpt-v (1:1) catalyst in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (pefc) was investigated. atan oxygen pressure of one atm an enhanced electrocatalytic property of pt-v/ccompared with pt/c is revealed. these results indicate the occurrence of adifferent electrocatalytic mechanism for the orr on pt/c and pt-v/c. anincrease of mas...

A thermally chargeable capacitor containing a binary solution of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-imide in acetonitrile is electrically charged by applying a temperature gradient to two ideally polarisable electrodes. The corresponding thermoelectric coefficient is -1.7 mV/K for platinum foil electrodes and -0.3 mV/K for nanoporous carbon electrodes. Stored electrical en...

Microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) is a gripping bio-electrochemical device producing H2 gas from renewable biomass while at the same time treat wastewater.  Through extensive global research efforts in the latest decade, the performance of MECs, including energy efficiency, hydrogen production rate (HPR), and hydrogen recovery have achieved significant breakthroughs. However, employi...

the electrocatalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction (orr) on carbon supportedpt-v (1:1) catalyst in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (pefc) was investigated. atan oxygen pressure of one atm an enhanced electrocatalytic property of pt-v/ccompared with pt/c is revealed. these results indicate the occurrence of adifferent electrocatalytic mechanism for the orr on pt/c and pt-v/c. anincrease of mas...

The basis of potentiometry is the Nernst equation, which relates the concentration of electroactive species at the surface of an electrode (C) to the potential of that electrode (E); that is, for the reaction O + e = R where E is the formal redox potential of the electron transfer reaction. In a potentiometry experiment, the open-circuit potential (i.e., there is no measurable current through t...

the electrochemical preparation of poly-n-methylpyrrole (pmpy) coated platinum electrode in chloroform in the presence of tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, hexafluorophosphate, hydrogensulphate, periodate and iodide as supporting electrolytes was performed. the influence of electrosynthesis method, dopant anion type and operation temperature on electrochemical behavior of polymer were demonstrate...

diolefinic antibacterial laser dye namely 1,4-bis[2-(4-pyridyl) vinyl] benzene (4pvb)have been investigated electrochemically using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, convolution and deconvolution voltammetry combined with digital simulation techniques at a platinum electrode in 0.1 mol / l tetra butyl ammonium perchlorate (tbap) in  solvent 1,2-dichloroethane.  the diolefinic species were ...

Electroformation of cell-sized lipid membrane vesicles (giant vesicles, GVs), from egg yolk phosphatidylcholine, was examined varying the shape of the counter electrode. Instead of a planar ITO (indium tin oxide) electrode commonly used, platinum wire mesh was employed as a counter electrode facing lipid deposit on a planar formation electrode. The modification did not significantly alter GV fo...

Carbon nanotubes have been explored as interconnects in solid acid fuel cells to improve the link between nanoscale Pt catalyst particles and macroscale current collectors. The nanotubes were grown by chemical vapor deposition on carbon paper substrates, using nickel nanoparticles as the catalyst, and were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The composite el...