high congestion of returned product at remanufacturing facility causes substantial delays and consequently remarketing value losses for time-sensitive and high-tech products with short life cycles, such as electronic equipments. at the remanufacturing site the returned product are inspected and classified according to their quality and processing time in one of the two classes: class 1 being ad...

The manufacturing of complex products often involves the assembly of other products, or sub-assemblies. Furthermore, these sub-assemblies may be manufactured by different suppliers. As a result, the specification of the assembly process for the final product contains relationships between multiple supply chain components, including business entities, manufacturing processes, products, and parts...

This study deals with a two-level supply chain consisting of one manufacturer and one retailer. We consider an integrated production inventory system where the manufacturer processes raw materials in order to deliver finished product with imperfect quality to the retailer, where number of defective product has a uniform distribution. The retailer receives product and conducts a 100% inspection....

This article addresses the transfer of new product technologies from outside the firm for integration into a new product system as part of a product development effort. Product technology transfer is a key activity in the complex process of new product development and is the fundamental link in the technology supply chain. Product technology transfer too often is dealt with in an ad-hoc fashion...

A supply chain is composed of a complex sequence of processing stages, ranging from raw materials supplies, parts manufacturing, components and end-products assembling, to the delivery of end products. In the context of supply chain management, supplier selection decision is considered one of the key issues faced by operations and purchasing managers to remain competitive. Therefore, requiremen...

Product architecture is the arrangement of the functional elements of a product into physical components. The arrangement defines the way in which the components interact and interface with each other. Product architecture can be classified into two types: open (or modular) and closed (or integral). Modular architecture indicates a one-to-one mapping between functional elements and physical com...

closed-loop supply chain network design is a critical issue due to its impact on both economic and environmental performances of the supply chain. in this paper, we address the problem of designing a multi-echelon, multi-product and capacitated closed-loop supply chain network. first, a mixed-integer linear programming formulation is developed to maximize the total profit. the main contribution...

Manufacturers have been exploring innovative strategies to achieve and sustain competitive advantages as they face a new era of intensive global competition. Such strategy is known as Supply Chain Management (SCM), which has gained a tremendous amount of attention from both researchers and practitioners over the last decade. Supply chain management (SCM) is considered as the most popular operat...