the cannabinoidergic system acquired a reputation as the most abundant g-protein coupled receptor in the cns that acts as retrograde modulator of neurotransmitter release. recently, endocannabinoids (ecbs) have been highlighted as neurodevelopmental signaling cues that exert a regulatory role in brain development. the interruption in ecb system elements (including receptors and enzymes of synth...

INTRODUCTION The intracellular level of a protein is dependent on both its rate of synthesis and its rate of degradation. Thus, differential regulation of protein stability represents a potential mechanism for modulating gene expression. lncreasing evidence suggests that protein degradation is indeed a regulatory mechanism in vivo. Dramatic differences in the in vivo stability of different prot...

The biogenesis of mitochondria and the maintenance of mitochondrial functions depends on an autonomous proteolytic system in the organelle which is highly conserved throughout evolution. Components of this system include processing peptidases and ATP-dependent proteases, as well as molecular chaperone proteins and protein complexes with apparently regulatory functions. While processing peptidas...

Between the 1950s and 1980s, scientists were focusing mostly on how the genetic code is transcribed to RNA and translated to proteins, but how proteins are degraded has remained a neglected research area. With the discovery of the lysosome by Christian de Duve it was assumed that cellular proteins are degraded within this organelle. Yet, several independent lines of experimental evidence strong...