The variation of earthquake input energy with characteristics of various structural systems, particularly in hysteretic states, has not been studied to such extent that creates enough con-fidence for proposing energy-based design criteria. In this paper, at first, based on a somehow new insight into the concept of earthquake input energy, two concepts of ‘Received Energy’ (ERec) and ‘Returned E...

modeling and analysis of future prices has been hot topic for economic analysts in recent years. traditionally, the complex movements in the prices are usually taken as random or stochastic process. however, they may be produced by a deterministic nonlinear process. accuracy and efficiency of economic models in the short period forecasting is strategic and crucial for business world. nonlinear ...

pushover analysis is a simplified nonlinear analysis technique that can be used to estimate the dynamic demands imposed on a structure under earthquake excitations. one of the first steps taken in this approximate solution is to assess the maximum roof displacement, known as target displacement, using the base shear versus roof displacement diagram. that could be done by the so-called dynamic p...

Earthquake time history records are required to perform dynamic nonlinear analyses. In order to provide a suitable set of such records, they are scaled to match a target spectrum as introduced in the well-known design codes. Corresponding scaling factors are taken similar in practice however, optimizing them reduces extra-ordinary economic charge for the seismic design. In the present work a ne...

Masonry infill walls are often used as non-structural elements. According to the past structural failure, ignorance of interaction between infill walls and enclosed frame may lead to the different seismic response for non-ductile building frames. The main contribution of this paper is to analytically investigate the behavior of reinforced concrete with masonry infill panels as participating str...