The advent of artificial intelligence has changed many disciplines such as engineering, social science and economics. Artificial intelligence is a computational technique which is inspired by natural intelligence such as the swarming of birds, the working of the brain and the pathfinding of the ants. These techniques have impact on economic theories. This book studies the impact of artificial i...

Theories of rational belief revision recently proposed by Alchourrón, Gärdenfors, Makinson, and Nebel illuminate many important issues but impose unnecessarily strong standards for correct revisions and make strong assumptions about what information is available to guide revisions. We reconstruct these theories according to an economic standard of rationality in which preferences are used to se...

This paper develops a new kind of approach to conspiracy theories – procedural approach. promises establish that belief in is rationally criticisable general. Unlike most philosophical approaches, does not purport condemn theorists directly on the basis features their theories. Instead, it focuses patterns thought involved forming and sustaining such Yet, unlike psychological provides rational ...

Abstract We renormalize models with scalar chiral superfields an odd superpotential to several orders in perturbation theory. These extensions of the cubic Wess–Zumino model are renormalizable spacetime dimensions which rational. When endowed O ( N ) symmetry it is shown that they share same property as their non-supersymmetric counterparts at a particular fixed point there emergent $$OSp(1|n-1...

Though unifications of some of the numerous theories of default reasoning have been found, we add to doubts about the existence of universal theories by viewing default reasoning from the standpoint of decision theory as a case of rational self-government of inference. Default rules express not only methods for deriving new conclusions from old, but also preferences among sets of possible concl...

Cognitive biases, such as the anchoring bias, pose a serious challenge to rational accounts of human cognition. We investigate whether rational theories can meet this challenge by taking into account the mind's bounded cognitive resources. We asked what reasoning under uncertainty would look like if people made rational use of their finite time and limited cognitive resources. To answer this qu...