The key objective of this chapter is to improve deeper understanding of SNSs’ usage, acceptance, and users’ actual behaviors. The authors propose that understanding the phenomenal success of Facebook could provide valuable information for developing health behavior change interventions. Using structured questionnaires, the authors collect qualitative data to understand SNSs users’ online behavi...

The key objective of this chapter is to improve deeper understanding of SNSs’ usage, acceptance, and users’ actual behaviors. The authors propose that understanding the phenomenal success of Facebook could provide valuable information for developing health behavior change interventions. Using structured questionnaires, the authors collect qualitative data to understand SNSs users’ online behavi...

The classical definition of altruism in evolutionary biology requires that an organism incur a fitness cost in the course of providing others with a fitness benefit. New insights are gained, however, by exploring the implications of an adaptationist version of the ‘problem of altruism’, as the existence of machinery designed to deliver benefits to others. Alternative pathways for the evolution ...

This presentation reflects an atypical manifestation of sinoatrial block in a patient with chronic renal failure and hyperkalemia (7.8 mEq/L). An allorhythmic distribution of P-P intervals permits the interpretation of sinoatrial block complicated by sinoatrial reciprocation.

Adolescence is characterized as a period of social reorientation toward peer relationships, entailing the emergence of sophisticated social abilities. Two studies (Study 1: N = 42, ages 13-17; Study 2: N = 81, ages 13-16) investigated age group differences in the impact of relationship reciprocation within school-based social networks on an experimental measure of cooperation behavior. Results ...

The key objective of this chapter is to improve deeper understanding of SNSs’ usage, acceptance, and users’ actual behaviors. The authors propose that understanding the phenomenal success of Facebook could provide valuable information for developing health behavior change interventions. Using structured questionnaires, the authors collect qualitative data to understand SNSs users’ online behavi...

The reciprocity norm refers to the expectation that people will help those who helped them. A well-known study revealed that the norm is strong with Christmas cards, with 20% of people reciprocating a Christmas card received from a stranger. I attempted to conceptually replicate and extend this effect. In Study 1, 755 participants received a Christmas card supposedly from a more- versus less-si...

Transfers between strangers, neighbors, families, and spouses were examined using Triple Dictator Games (TDG, involving only givings) and Trust Games (TG, involving both givings and reciprocations) among 240 participants from 60 families in 20 villages in rural Malawi. In TDG, more was sent by those who were older, male, in better physical health, financially poorer, or frequent lenders of pers...

Safeguarding personally identifiable information (PII) is crucial because such information is increasingly used to engineer privacy attacks, identity thefts and security breaches. But is it likely that individuals may choose to just share this information with strangers? This study examines how reciprocation can lead to the disclosure of PII between strangers in online social networking. We dem...