OBJECTIVE To investigate disparities in full immunization coverage across and within 86 low- and middle-income countries. METHODS In May 2015, using data from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, we investigated inequalities in full immunization coverage - i.e. one dose of bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine, one dose of measles vaccine, three dos...

POLICY QUESTION " What is the relationship between inequality and economic growth? Specifically, does income inequality hamper or foster economic growth in developing countries? " BACKGROUND As the global economy experienced rapid economic growth after World War II, an intense debate arose as to whether such growth benefited poor people and reduced income inequality or vice versa. In the 1950s,...

in order to estimate the effects of the macrc~econornic indicators on the income distribution of iran, the time series data during the period of 1971-1991 were used. first the yammetric inequality indicators (the gini coefficients) were estimated for the years 1991-1972. the results show the lowest level of inequality in 1980 with g=0.42 and the highest level in 1982 with g=0.55. arzulysing the...

This paper examines the mechanism through which pro-growth policies such as government spending on infrastructure might a¤ect the dynamics of inequality. We develop a model in which government-provided infrastructure is not only the engine of growth, but also a critical determinant of the distributions of wealth, income, and welfare. Government spending on infrastructure by itself is shown to b...

Income inequality in the USA has increased over the past four decades. Socioeconomic gaps in survival have also increased. Life expectancy has risen among middle-income and high-income Americans whereas it has stagnated among poor Americans and even declined in some demographic groups. Although the increase in income inequality since 1980 has been driven largely by soaring top incomes, the wide...

the level of ecomomic (income or expenditure) inequality in khorasan province has been unknown. this paper tries to estimate and compare the trends of expenditure (income) inequality in khorasan province and the whole iran during 1971-2001 in two categories of urban and rural regions. for this purpose, inequality indices (gini coefficient and income deciles) were estimated parametrically. the r...

This paper develops a cross-country statistical model of debt rescheduling, and the secondary market valuation of LDC debt, which links these variables to key structural characteristics of developing countries, such as the trade regime, the degree of income inequality, and the share of agriculture in GNP. Our most striking finding is that higher income inequality is a significant predictor of a...

Policy reforms and rising income inequality transformed educational and economic opportunities for Americans approaching midlife in the 1990s. Rising income inequality may have reduced mobility, as income gaps increased between rich and poor children. Against the e!ects of rising inequality, Civil Rights reforms may have increased mobility, as opportunities expanded across cohorts of black stud...